DNA damage-inducible transcript 3

DDIT3

Identifiers

DDIT3, CEBPZ, CHOP, CHOP-10, CHOP10, GADD153, DNA damage-inducible transcript 3, DNA damage inducible transcript 3

External IDs

MGI: 109247 HomoloGene: 3012 GeneCards: DDIT3

Gene ontology
Molecular function	• DNA binding • sequence-specific DNA binding • protein homodimerization activity • cAMP response element binding protein binding • transcription corepressor activity • transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding • transcription factor binding • transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding • RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding • leucine zipper domain binding • protein binding • protein heterodimerization activity • transcription regulatory region DNA binding
Cellular component	• cytoplasm • cytosol • late endosome • CHOP-C/EBP complex • nucleoplasm • transcription factor AP-1 complex • protein-DNA complex • CHOP-ATF4 complex • CHOP-ATF3 complex • nucleus
Biological process	• apoptotic process • release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol • negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling • negative regulation of fat cell differentiation • negative regulation of myoblast differentiation • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress • negative regulation of DNA binding • mRNA transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • positive regulation of neuron death • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • Wnt signaling pathway • negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity • cell redox homeostasis • response to endoplasmic reticulum stress • PERK-mediated unfolded protein response • ER overload response • cellular response to DNA damage stimulus • transcription, DNA-templated • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response • regulation of transcription involved in anterior/posterior axis specification • positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process • response to unfolded protein • intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress • negative regulation of RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding • cell cycle arrest • positive regulation of interleukin-8 production • response to starvation • negative regulation of determination of dorsal identity • cell cycle • regulation of DNA-templated transcription in response to stress • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process • blood vessel maturation • negative regulation of CREB transcription factor activity • endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


1649


13198

Ensembl


ENSG00000175197


ENSMUSG00000025408

UniProt


P35638


P35639

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001195053 NM_001195054 NM_001195055 NM_001195056 NM_001195057
NM_004083


NM_001290183 NM_007837

RefSeq (protein)


NP_001181982.1 NP_001181983.1 NP_001181984.1 NP_001181986.1 NP_004074.2


NP_001277112.1 NP_031863.3

Location (UCSC)

Chr 12: 57.52 – 57.52 Mb

Chr 10: 127.29 – 127.3 Mb

PubMed search

^[1]

^[2]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

DNA damage-inducible transcript 3, also known as C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), is a transcription factor that is encoded by the DDIT3 gene.^[3]^[4]

Interactions

DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 has been shown to interact with [proteins]:

Clinical significance

Mutations or fusions of CHOP (e.g. with FUS to form FUS-CHOP) can cause Myxoid liposarcoma.^[11]

References

↑ "Human PubMed Reference:".
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
↑ Papathanasiou MA, Kerr NC, Robbins JH, McBride OW, Alamo I Jr, Barrett SF, Hickson ID, Fornace AJ Jr (March 1991). "Induction by ionizing radiation of the gadd45 gene in cultured human cells: lack of mediation by protein kinase C". Mol Cell Biol. 11 (2): 1009–16. PMC 359769. PMID 1990262.
↑ "Entrez Gene: DDIT3 DNA-damage-inducible transcript 3".
↑ Chen BP, Wolfgang CD, Hai T (March 1996). "Analysis of ATF3, a transcription factor induced by physiological stresses and modulated by gadd153/Chop10". Mol. Cell. Biol. 16 (3): 1157–68. doi:10.1128/MCB.16.3.1157. PMC 231098. PMID 8622660.
1 2 3 Ubeda M, Vallejo M, Habener JF (November 1999). "CHOP enhancement of gene transcription by interactions with Jun/Fos AP-1 complex proteins". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (11): 7589–99. PMC 84780. PMID 10523647.
↑ Hattori T, Ohoka N, Hayashi H, Onozaki K (April 2003). "C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) up-regulates IL-6 transcription by trapping negative regulating NF-IL6 isoform". FEBS Lett. 541 (1-3): 33–9. doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(03)00283-7. PMID 12706815.
↑ Fawcett TW, Eastman HB, Martindale JL, Holbrook NJ (June 1996). "Physical and functional association between GADD153 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta during cellular stress". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (24): 14285–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.24.14285. PMID 8662954.
↑ Ubeda M, Habener JF (October 2003). "CHOP transcription factor phosphorylation by casein kinase 2 inhibits transcriptional activation". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (42): 40514–20. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306404200. PMID 12876286.
↑ Cui K, Coutts M, Stahl J, Sytkowski AJ (March 2000). "Novel interaction between the transcription factor CHOP (GADD153) and the ribosomal protein FTE/S3a modulates erythropoiesis". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (11): 7591–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.11.7591. PMID 10713066.
↑ Panagopoulos I, Höglund M, Mertens F, et al. (1996). "Fusion of the EWS and CHOP genes in myxoid liposarcoma". Oncogene. 12 (3): 489–94. PMID 8637704.

External links

DDIT3 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

Transcription factors and intracellular receptors

(1) Basic domains

(1.1) Basic leucine zipper (bZIP)	Activating transcription factor AATF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 AP-1 c-Fos FOSB FOSL1 FOSL2 JDP2 c-Jun JUNB JunD BACH 1 2 BATF BLZF1 C/EBP α β γ δ ε ζ CREB 1 3 L1 CREM DBP DDIT3 GABPA HLF MAF B F G K NFE 2 L1 L2 L3 NFIL3 NRL NRF 1 2 3 XBP1

(1.2) Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)	ATOH1 AhR AHRR ARNT ASCL1 BHLH 2 3 9 ARNTL ARNTL ARNTL2 CLOCK EPAS1 FIGLA HAND 1 2 HES 5 6 HEY 1 2 L HES1 HIF 1A 3A ID 1 2 3 4 LYL1 MESP2 MXD4 MYCL1 MYCN Myogenic regulatory factors MyoD Myogenin MYF5 MYF6 Neurogenins 1 2 3 NeuroD 1 2 NPAS 1 2 3 OLIG 1 2 Pho4 Scleraxis SIM 1 2 TAL 1 2 Twist USF1

(1.3) bHLH-ZIP	AP-4 MAX MXD3 MITF MNT MLX MXI1 Myc SREBP 1 2

(1.4) NF-1	NFI A B C X SMAD R-SMAD 1 2 3 5 9 I-SMAD 6 7 4)

(1.5) RF-X	RFX 1 2 3 4 5 6 ANK

(1.6) Basic helix-span-helix (bHSH)	AP-2 α β γ δ ε

(2) Zinc finger DNA-binding domains

(2.1) Nuclear receptor (Cys₄)

subfamily 1	Thyroid hormone α β CAR FXR LXR α β PPAR α β/δ γ PXR RAR α β γ ROR α β γ Rev-ErbA α β VDR

subfamily 2	COUP-TF (I II Ear-2 HNF4 α γ PNR RXR α β γ Testicular receptor 2 4 TLX

subfamily 3	Steroid hormone Androgen Estrogen α β Glucocorticoid Mineralocorticoid Progesterone Estrogen related α β γ

subfamily 4	NUR NGFIB NOR1 NURR1

subfamily 5	LRH-1 SF1

subfamily 6	GCNF

subfamily 0	DAX1 SHP

(2.2) Other Cys₄

GATA
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
MTA
- 1
- 2
- 3
TRPS1

(2.3) Cys₂His₂

General transcription factors
- TFIIA
- TFIIB
- TFIID
- TFIIE
  - 1
  - 2
- TFIIF
- 1
- 2
  - TFIIH
  - 1
  - 2
  - 4
  - 2I
  - 3A
  - 3C1
  - 3C2

ATBF1
BCL
- 6
- 11A
- 11B
CTCF
E4F1
EGR
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
ERV3
GFI1
GLI-Krüppel family
- 1
- 2
- 3
- REST
- S1
- S2
- YY1
HIC
- 1
- 2
HIVEP
- 1
- 2
- 3
IKZF
- 1
- 2
- 3
ILF
- 2
- 3
KLF
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
- 13
- 14
- 15
- 17
MTF1
MYT1
OSR1
PRDM9
SALL
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
SP
- 1
- 2
- 4
- 7
- 8
TSHZ3
WT1
Zbtb7
- 7A
- 7B
ZBTB
- 11
- 16
- 17
- 20
- 32
- 33
- 40
zinc finger
- 3
- 7
- 9
- 10
- 19
- 22
- 24
- 33B
- 34
- 35
- 41
- 43
- 44
- 51
- 74
- 143
- 146
- 148
- 165
- 202
- 217
- 219
- 238
- 239
- 259
- 267
- 268
- 281
- 295
- 300
- 318
- 330
- 346
- 350
- 365
- 366
- 384
- 423
- 451
- 452
- 471
- 593
- 638
- 644
- 649
- 655

(2.4) Cys₆

HIVEP1

(2.5) Alternating composition

AIRE
DIDO1
GRLF1
ING
- 1
- 2
- 4
JARID
- 1A
- 1B
- 1C
- 1D
- 2
JMJD1B

(2.6) WRKY

WRKY

(3) Helix-turn-helix domains

(3.1) Homeodomain	ARX CDX 1 2 CRX CUTL1 DBX 1 2 DLX 3 4 5 EMX 1 2 EN 1 2 FHL 1 2 3 HESX1 HHEX HLX Homeobox A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A7 A9 A10 A11 A13 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B13 C4 C5 C6 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 D1 D3 D4 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 HOPX IRX 1 2 3 4 5 6 MKX LMX 1A 1B MEIS 1 2 MEOX2 MNX1 MSX 1 2 NANOG NKX 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-5 3-1 3-2 6-1 6-2 NOBOX PBX 1 2 3 PHF 1 3 6 8 10 16 17 20 21A PHOX 2A 2B PITX 1 2 3 POU domain PIT-1 BRN-3: A B C Octamer transcription factor: 1 2 3/4 6 7 11 OTX 1 2 PDX1 SATB2 SHOX2 SIX 1 2 3 4 5 VAX1 ZEB 1 2

(3.2) Paired box	PAX 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 PRRX 1 2 RAX

(3.3) Fork head / winged helix	E2F 1 2 3 4 5 FOX proteins A1 A2 A3 C1 C2 D3 D4 E1 E3 F1 G1 H1 I1 J1 J2 K1 K2 L2 M1 N1 N3 O1 O3 O4 P1 P2 P3 P4

(3.4) Heat shock factors	HSF 1 2 4

(3.5) Tryptophan clusters	ELF 2 4 5 EGF ELK 1 3 4 ERF ETS 1 2 ERG SPIB ETV 1 4 5 6 FLI1 Interferon regulatory factors 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 MYB MYBL2

(3.6) TEA domain	transcriptional enhancer factor 1 2 3 4

(4) β-Scaffold factors with minor groove contacts

(4.1) Rel homology region	NF-κB NFKB1 NFKB2 REL RELA RELB NFAT C1 C2 C3 C4 5

(4.2) STAT	STAT 1 2 3 4 5 6

(4.3) p53	p53 TBX 1 2 3 5 19 21 22 TBR1 TBR2 TFT MYRF TP63

(4.4) MADS box	Mef2 A B C D SRF

(4.6) TATA-binding proteins	TBP TBPL1

(4.7) High-mobility group	BBX HMGB 1 2 3 4 HMGN 1 2 3 4 HNF 1A 1B LEF1 SOX 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 18 21 SRY SSRP1 TCF 3 4 TOX 1 2 3 4

(4.9) Grainyhead	TFCP2

(4.10) Cold-shock domain	CSDA YBX1

(4.11) Runt	CBF CBFA2T2 CBFA2T3 RUNX1 RUNX2 RUNX3 RUNX1T1

(0) Other transcription factors

(0.2) HMGI(Y)	HMGA 1 2 HBP1

(0.3) Pocket domain	Rb RBL1 RBL2

(0.5) AP-2/EREBP-related factors	Apetala 2 EREBP B3

(0.6) Miscellaneous	ARID 1A 1B 2 3A 3B 4A CAP IFI 16 35 MLL 2 3 T1 MNDA NFY A B C Rho/Sigma

see also transcription factor/coregulator deficiencies

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DNA damage-inducible transcript 3

Interactions

Clinical significance

References

Further reading

External links