Morbillivirus

Morbillivirus is a genus of viruses in the order Mononegavirales, in the family Paramyxoviridae. Humans, dogs, cats, cattle, and cetaceans serve as natural hosts. This genus currently included seven species. Diseases associated with viruses classified in this genus include: measles: fever, rash; animal: acute febrile respiratory tract infection.[1][2]

Taxonomy

Genus Morbillivirus: species and their viruses[3]
Genus Species Virus (Abbreviation)
Morbillivirus Canine distemper virus canine distemper virus (CDV)
Cetacean morbillivirus cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV)
Feline morbillivirus feline morbillivirus (FeMV)
Measles virus* measles virus (MeV)
Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV)
Phocine distemper virus phocine distemper virus (PDV)
Rinderpest virus rinderpest virus (RPV)

Table legend: "*" denotes type species.

Structure

Morbillivirions are enveloped, with spherical geometries. The diameter is around 150 nm. Genomes are linear, around 15-16kb in length. The genome codes for 8 proteins.[1]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic Arrangement Genomic Segmentation
MorbillivirusSphericalEnvelopedLinearMonopartite

Life Cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by virus attaching to host cell. Replication follows the negative stranded RNA virus replication model. Negative stranded RNA virus transcription, using polymerase stuttering, through co-transcriptional RNA editing is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by budding. Human, dog, cattle, and cetacean serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are respiratory.[1]

Genus Host Details Tissue Tropism Entry Details Release Details Replication Site Assembly Site Transmission
MorbillivirusHumans; dogs; cats; cetaceansNoneGlycoproteinBuddingCytoplasmCytoplasmAerosols

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  2. ↑ ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  3. ↑ Afonso, Claudio L.; Amarasinghe, Gaya K.; Bányai, Krisztián; Bào, Yīmíng; Basler, Christopher F.; Bavari, Sina; Bejerman, Nicolás; Blasdell, Kim R.; Briand, François-Xavier (2016-08-01). "Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2016". Archives of Virology. 161 (8): 2351–2360. doi:10.1007/s00705-016-2880-1. ISSN 1432-8798. PMC 4947412Freely accessible. PMID 27216929.
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