Zahran Alloush

Zahran Alloush
Zahran Alloush attending a military parade in eastern Ghouta, 29 April 2015.
Born	1971 Douma, Syria
Died	25 December 2015(2015-12-25) Utaya, Rif Dimashq, Syria
Cause of death	Syrian Air Force strike[1]
Nationality	Syrian
Known for	Emir of Jaysh al-Islam
Military career
Allegiance	Islamic Front (November 2013-December 2015)
Service/branch	Jaysh al-Islam (2011-December 2015)
Years of service	2011–2015
Rank	Emir of Jaysh al-Islam Military Chief of the Islamic Front Leader of the Unified Military Command of Eastern Ghouta[2]
Battles/wars	Syrian Civil War † Damascus offensive Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian Civil War

Zahran Alloush (Arabic: زهران علوش‎‎ Zahrān ʿAlūš; 1971 – 25 December 2015) was a Syrian Islamist leader active in the Syrian Civil War. He was the commander of Jaysh al-Islam (or Army of Islam), a major component of the Islamic Front, of which he was the military chief, and was described as one of the most powerful persons in rebel-held Syria. Alloush called for cleansing Damascus of all Alawites and Shiites,^[3] later telling Western journalists that these and similar statements had been caused by the pressure and "psychological stress" he was under from living through the Syrian Government's siege of Ghouta.^[4] He was killed on 25 December 2015 and Essam al-Buwaydhani was named his successor as head of Jaysh al-Islam.^[5][6][7][8]

Early life

Zahran Alloush was born in Douma, Rif Dimashq, in 1971, and was married to three women. His father is Abdullah Alloush, a scholar and the previous director of Al Assad center for Quoran studies in Damascus.^[9] He joined the faculty of law at Damascus University, and completed a master's degree in Shariah law at the Islamic University of Madinah.^[4] The Syrian Intelligence Palestine Branch arrested him in 2009 on charges of weapons possession. He was released from Sednaya Prison in 2011 as part of a general amnesty three months into the Syrian Uprising.^[10]

Syrian Civil War

Following his release, he established a rebel group called the Battalion of Islam to fight the Assad Government. The group expanded and renamed itself the Brigade of Islam, and in 2013 it merged with other rebel factions to form Jaysh al-Islam, still under Alloush's leadership. This became the most powerful rebel group operating in the Damascus area.^[11]

A number of Syrian opposition figures have accused Alloush of being responsible for the kidnapping of Syrian activist Razan Zeitouneh and her companions in Douma on 9 December 2013. Alloush denied the allegations.^[12][13]

In April 2015, Zahran Alloush suddenly appeared in the Turkish city of Istanbul. A spokesperson from the Army of Islam declared that Alloush would meet rebel groups leaders in Istanbul in order to discuss how to lift the siege in Ghouta. He has been criticized by the public. In the media many wondered how he could travel to Turkey and come back when the city is under siege.^[14]

Alloush has denounced democracy and called for an Islamic state to succeed Assad, however in a May 2015 interview with McClatchy journalists, Alloush used moderate rhetoric, claiming that Syrians should decide what sort of state they wanted to live under and that Alawites were “part of the Syrian people” and only those with blood on their hands should be held accountable. His spokesman went on to claim that the sectarian and Islamist rhetoric Alloush had previously made was only intended for internal consumption and to rally his fighters.^[4][15][16]

In July 2015 Alloush accused "international forces" of waging a media war of jihadists such as his own Jaysh al-Islam.^[17]

Zahran Alloush denounced the PKK^[18] and claimed "This Kurdistan Labor Party embraces Hegel's philosophy as its ideology .... Hegel is a communist."^[19][20][21]

Zahran Alloush's official Facebook handle was zhran1970 and his twitter handles are zahranalloush and zahran1970 (suspended).^[22][23][24]

Captain Islam Allouche, a cousin of Zahran Alloush, serves as the spokesman of Jaysh al Islam and runs the twitter account islamallousheng,^[25] and the Arabic account islamdamas1980.^[26] Islam Alloush announced Jaysh al-Islam's support to Turkey's anti PKK offensive.^[27]

He was reported killed in the village of Utaya to the east of Damascus on 25 December 2015 by a Syrian Air Force airstrike.^[28]

Allegations of war crimes

Alloush has been accused of the disappearing of Syrian civil rights activist and human rights lawyer Razan Zaitouneh, who was taken by gunmen, along with her husband and two other colleagues, from her office in the Jaysh al-Islam-controlled area of Douma in December 2013.^[29]

On 1 November 2015 it was reported Jaysh al-Islam forces paraded captured Alawite civilians in cages in Eastern Ghouta to ward off Russian airstrikes.^[30][31]

References

External links

• Zahran Alloush: His Ideology and Beliefs