Waddell's chronology
Waddell's chronology or Waddell's king list is an Ancient Near Eastern chronology developed by the British polyhistor Laurence Waddell in his book, Egyptian Civilization: Its Sumerian Origin and Real Chronology, published in 1930.[1][2][3][4][5]
Waddell's primary chronology was compiled from various Sumerian king lists, Egyptian list of pharaohs, the Bhagavata Purana, Mahabharata, Rigveda and numerous Indus Valley Civilization seals and other monuments and relics and sources, some of which he had deciphered himself.[2] It was entitled "Dated Chronological List of Sumerian or Early Aryan Kings from the Rise of Civilization to the Kassi Dynasty" and documented an alleged list of world emperors as follows:
| No. | Names in Sumerian King Lists and monuments | Date BCE (approximate) | Indian list names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ukusi of Ukhu City or Udu, Uduin, or Odin, Indar, Induru, Dur, Pur, Sakh, Sagaga, Zagg, Gaur, or Adar | First Sumerian Dynasty 3378–3349 BCE | Ikshvāku or Indra or Sakko or Pururavas |
| 2 | Azag Ama Basam or Bakus, Tasia, Mukhla, Gin, Gan or Kan or Nimmirud | 3348–3337 BCE | Ayus, Ama-Basu or Bikukshi-Nimi |
| Azag Bakus or Gan at Unuk, Enoch or Erech City | 3336–3273 BCE | As Above | |
| 3 | Naksha, Enuzu, Anenzu, Unnusha, In, Enu | Second Sumerian Dynasty 3272–3248 BCE | Nahusha, Anenas or Janak |
| 4 | Udu, Uduk | 3247–3242 BCE | Udā-vasu, Yadu, Yayati, (?) King Puru |
| 5 | Zimugun, Dumuzi | 3241–3312 BCE | Janamejaya or Jina |
| 6 | Uziwitar | 3211–3206 BCE | Vishtara or Wishtara |
| 7 | Mutin Ugun | 3205–3195 BCE | Matinara |
| 8 | Imuashshu or Pishmana | 3194–3184 BCE | Vishamsu or Tamsu |
| 9 | Naili (or Nandu) Iaxa Sumaddi or Duag | 3183–3181 BCE | Anila (?) Ucchaya, Dushyanta or (?) Sunanta |
| 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 | Baratutu, Bardū, Barti Pirtu Gaudumu or Dūdumunu Dutu-Gindara Azag, or Ashita-ab Ishzax or Gishax Gamesh Uruash-Khād, Urusag-Khaddu, Barama'hasha or Arwasag (c. 3100 BCE) Magdal, A-Magdal, Mukh Bidashnadi, Bidsar, Biugun or Biguaxu Enun-nad Enash-nadi Tarsi (Ene- or "divine") or Dixxi (Di- or "divine") Medi or Meti Kiuga, Mūkuda Tarsi, Dix-saax or (?) Shu-Dix Tizama or Tizkar, Anda Rumau or Pashipadda ("Mesanipadda"), Uruduki Raman Duruashi-padda or Rutasa Rama ("Anni-padda") (c. 2900 BCE) Eama Biama Paunukha ("?Meshkalamdug") illegible illegible illegible Gungun, Kingubi-Dudu Mama-gal Kalbu or Kalburu Tuke Bara-Gina, Puru-gin, Pardu-Bazum or Urudu-Gina, or Urukka-Gina | The Great Gap of 430 years with 26 (or 27) Kings Uruash's Dynasty of "Paunch" 3180–2751 BCE | Burata, Brihad, Prithu Gautama, Dhundhumara Dwat, Candra-ashva Aja-midha or Siteshu Chaxus, Riksha, Rucaka or Ruk-meshu Haryashva or Barmyashva Mudgala or Mogallo Badhryashya, L'asenadi or B'ujyu Yuvanashwa Dāsa (Divo- or "divine") or Trasa Dasyu I Mettiyo or Mitrayu Cyavana or Muckunda Su-Dāsa, Dussaha or Trasa Dasyu II Somaka, Sambhuta Jantu Prishada or Suvarna Roman Drupada I, Hrashva Roman or Rohidashva Vyoman, Vasumanas Jimūta Bhanu or Ban-kirti Satya-brata Harish-candra II Harita or Rohit-ashwa II Cuncu or Dhundu Vijaya B'aruka or Ruruki Vri-Taka or Dhri-Taka Pra-Cinvat, B'arad-Vaja, Bahū or Bahuka or Puru II |
| 36a | Zaggisi or Saggisi | 2750–2726 BCE | - |
| 37 | Guni, Shar-Guni, Kin or Sargon | Sargon's Dynasty 2725–2671 BCE | Kuni Sha-Kuni or Sagara |
| 37a | Mush Uru | 2670–2656 BCE | - |
| 38 | Man-ishtishu or Menes | First Egyptian Dynasty 2655–2641 BCE | Son of Sargon, Asa-Manja, Manasyu |
| 39 | Naram-sin | 2640–2585 BCE | Grandson of Sargon, Anjana, Ansu-mat or Karamba |
| 40 | Shar-kali-sharri | 2584–2561 BCE | Son of Naram-sin, Kunti-jit, Khatawanga, Dilīppa |
| - | Irgigi, Nigigi, Imi, Nanum, Iama (in inter-regnum) four kings | 2560-2558 BCE | Bhagi-ratha |
| 41 | Dudu | 2557-2537 BCE | Dhundu |
| 42 | Shūdur-kib | 2536-2522 BCE | Suhotra II, Shruta Shrutāyas |
| 43 | Uru-Nigin (? Nikin Uru of seal WSC. 390 | 2nd Erech Dynasty 2521-2519 BCE | Nabhin, Nābhāga |
| 44 | Urish-Ginar | 2518-2513 BCE | Harish-Candra or Ambarisha |
| 44a | Tardu (or Kudda) | 2512-2507 BCE | (?) RathiTara "great-grandson of Ambarūshu" |
| 45 | Ba-Sha-nini (or -ama) | 2506-2502 BCE | Sindhu-dhipa, Sanjaya |
| Uru-ash (or -an) -uta | 2501-2494 BCE | - | |
| 46 | Guti occupation without kings | Guti Dynasty 2493-2452 BCE Kusha Dynasty | Ayunāyus (or ? Duthaliyas, k. of Khatti) |
| 47 | Muruta | 2451-2449 BCE | Mūrtaya |
| In Kishu or Gishu | 2448-2443 BCE | Kusha | |
| Irilla Tax (or Warla Gaba) | 2442-2437 BCE | - | |
| Dug-me or Ug-me | 2436-2431 BCE | - | |
| 48 | Eamamesh (or Kashushamama) | 2430-2425 BCE | Kushāmba or Sarva-Kāma |
| Inima Bakies, Baesses, Bakus or Basam | 2424-2420 BCE | Basu II or Bhaji | |
| Iziaush | 2419-2414 BCE | - | |
| 49 | Iārla Tax or Dax | 2413-2399 BCE | Su Dāsa II |
| Ibate | 2398-2396 BCE | ||
| Iārla Gash or Kashushamama (2nd term) | 2395-2393 BCE | Kushāmba (2nd term) | |
| Basium, Basam or Bakus (2nd term) | 2392- BCE | Basu II or Bhaji (2nd term) | |
| Nikīm or Nigin | 2391-2389 BCE | - | |
| Lasi-rubum or La-Sirab | 2388-2387 BCE | Sarva-bhauma | |
| Irarum | 2386-2385 BCE | - | |
| Darranūm | 2384- BCE | - | |
| 50 | Khāblum or Khab-Kalamu | 2383-2382 BCE | Kalmāshu-pāda |
| Suratāsh Sin or Sarati Gubi Sin | 2381-2375 BCE | Sruta, Upa-Gupta | |
| Guda, Iārla Guashda or Gudia | 2374-2368 BCE | Gādhi | |
| En-Ridi-Pizir, Pisha Ruddu | 2367-2361 BCE | Vishva-Ratha (son of Gādhi) | |
| Tiri-gan | 2360- BCE | Trishanku | |
| 51 | Ashukhamukh or Utukhe-gal | 3rd Erech Dynasty 2360-2353 BCE | Ashmaka |
| 52 | Uruash-Zikim | Third Dynasty of Ur 2352-2335 BCE | Uru-Ricika Mūlaka |
| Dungi or Duk-gin (Shamu-) | 2334-2277 BCE | Dagni or Dagni-Jama | |
| Purash-Sin ("Bur-Sin" | 2276-2268 BCE | Parashu-Rāma (and his massacre) Dasharatha or (?) | |
| 53 | Suash-Sin ("Gimil-Sin") | 2267-2259 BCE | Shata-ratha or Sushena Shata-ratha |
| 54 | Il-Ibil-Sin | 2258-2233 BCE | Il-Ibila or Ilivila |
| 55 | Ishbi-Ashuurra | Isin Dynasty 2332-2200 BCE | Vishva-saha |
| 56 | Katini-Kat (or Shu-Lilishu | 2199-2190 BCE | Khatvanga or Dilipa |
| 57 | Itiash-Dakhu | 2189-2169 BCE | Dirga-bahu |
| 58 | Ishshibash-Dakhu | 2163-2149 BCE | Raghu |
| 59 | Libiash Ugun | 2148-2138 BCE | Aja |
| 60 | Dashashi-urash, Muru | 2137-2110 BCE | Dasha-ratha |
| 61 | Amar-Sin, ("Bur-Sin II") | 2109-2089 BCE | Rama or Rama-Chandra |
| 62 | Libi (Insakh) | 2088-2084 BCE | Lava and Kusha |
| Ashurra Iwiti or Urra Iwiti | 2083-2076 BCE | - | |
| 63 | Insakh-bani | 2075-2052 BCE | Atithi or Suhotra IV |
| 64 | Zāmbi (3) Tenirpisha (4) Urdukuga, Sin Mapish (II) | 2051- BCE | Nishadha |
| 65 | Damiq-ilushu | -2007 BCE | Nala |
| 66 | Anuha-Mubalit ("Sin Muballit" (20, of which four as emperor) | First Babylonian Dynasty as emperors 2023-2004 BCE | Nabha or Nabhas |
| 67 | Khammu-Rabi or "Great Lotus" | 2003-1961 BCE | Pundarika or "Great Lotus" |
| 68 | Sāmsui-Uduna | 1960-1923 BCE | Kshema-Dhanvan |
| 69 | Abieshu'a | 1922-1895 BCE | Devānīka |
| 70 | Ammi-Satana or Ammi-Ditana | 1894-1858 BCE | Ruru or (?) Suto-rusta |
| 71 | Ammi-Saraga or Ammi-Suduga | 1857-1837 BCE | Ahi-nagu |
| 72 | Sāmsu-Satana | 1836-1806 BCE | Sudhanvan ofr Pariyatra |
| 73 | Sakhari-Bal | Sea-Land Dynasty 1805-1791 BCE | Sahasra-Bala or Bala (with separate line) |
| 74 | Xatal ("Gandash") | Kassite Dynasty 1790-1775 BCE | Sthala or Gaya |
| 75 | Agu-um | 1774-1753 BCE | Auka or Uktha |
| 76 | Bisuiru ("Kashtiliash") | 1752-1745 BCE | Vajra-nābha |
| 77 | Ushigu | 1744-1737 BCE | Shankha |
| 78 | Abisuttash | 1736- BCE | Ab'Yutthit-ashva or Dhyushit-ashva |
Waddell's correllations have not been generally accepted or well regarded, in part due to his use of the word Aryan. Conventional lists separate Sargon from Menes by around five hundred years. Gabriel Moshenka however mentions that some elements of his work "while unquestionably esoteric, were not so far from the academic mainstream as we might now suppose".[6]
References
- ↑ Duncan Macnaughton (1932). A scheme of Egyptian chronology. Luzac & Co. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
- 1 2 Christine Preston (30 September 2009). The Rise of Man in the Gardens of Sumeria: A Biography of L.A. Waddell. Sussex Academic Press. pp. 139–. ISBN 978-1-84519-315-7. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
- ↑ Vincent A. Smith (1 January 1999). The Early History of India. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. pp. 359–. ISBN 978-81-7156-618-1. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
- ↑ John R. Maier (1997). Gilgamesh: A Reader. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers. pp. 161–. ISBN 978-0-86516-339-3. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
- ↑ L. A. Waddell (1 March 2003). Egyptian Civilization Its Sumerian Origin and Real Chronology. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7661-4273-2. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
- ↑ Moshenka, Gabriel., 'At Variance With Both General and Expert Opinion': The Later Works of Lieutenant-Colonel Professor Laurence Austine Waddell, Bulletin of the History of Archaeology, UCL Institute of Archaeology, 2010. (Archived October 27, 2012, at WebCite)
External links
- Aryan Myth and Metahistory Blog
- Irishoriginsofcivilization.com Appendix about Waddell
- Frontiers of Anthropology Blog
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