Operation Noble Eagle

Operation Noble Eagle
Part of the Home Front of the War on Terror

Joint NATO & U.S. AWACS service badge for Noble Eagle & Eagle Assist.
Location United States, Canada
Objective Homeland security
Date 14 September 2001 - present
Executed by  United States
 Canada
Outcome Ongoing

Operation Noble Eagle (ONE) is the name given to the United States and Canadian military operations related to homeland security and support to federal, state, and local agencies. The operation began 14 September 2001, in response to the September 11 attacks.[1]

History

Operation Noble Eagle began with the mobilization of thousands of National Guard and reserve personnel to perform security missions on military installations, airports and other potential targets such as bridges, power plants, and port facilities. These reservists were called to active duty under a mobilization authority known as a partial mobilization (10 USC 12302). In a time of national emergency declared by the President, partial mobilization authorizes the President to order members of the ready reserve to active duty for a period not to exceed 24 consecutive months. Additionally, in 2001 and 2002, thousands of members of the national guard were activated at the order of their respective governors to provide additional security at airports. They were called up under Title 32 of the U.S. Code, which means they were under state control, but with federal pay and benefits.[1] The Royal Canadian Air Force assisted in providing defense of the northern border of the United States. The United States Army's 759th Military Police Battalion, 144th Military Police Company and the 177th Military Police Brigade were assigned the task of protecting the White House, the Pentagon and the Capitol, along with other Army National Guard units that were tasked with augmenting the Air Force's air defense perimeter around the National Capital Region.

Requirement

United States civilian and military leaders are beginning to regard the costly air defense operation above North American cities as a permanent defense requirement demanding significant attention from NORAD. The current focus is on improving command and control of the homeland air defense mission.[2]

Equipment

The United States Department of Defense provided F-15 Eagles[3] and F-16 Fighting Falcons to this operation, and the Canadian Forces provided CF-18s.[4] The US Army National Guard provided short range air defense systems (AVENGER/MANPADS) to provide close range air defense protection under the control of the US Air Force JADOC (joint air defense operations center) and CONR.

The Joint Air Defense Operations Center Suite (JADOC) Suite is an integrated USAF connectivity center used in point defense of the National Capital Region. The Suite provides capability for tactical C2 execution for the Joint Task Force/Joint Forces Air Component Commander (JTF/JFACC) under the Operation Noble Eagle (ONE) mission as part of the National Capital Region-Integrated Air Defense System (NCR-IADS - National Capital Region Integrated Air Defense Systems). It is currently fielded and operational. It was developed in response to an urgent need request for enhanced air defense of the NCR per SECDEF direction through a joint rapid acquisition cell. The architecture consists of an air surveillance fusion system and the C2 connectivity center, which includes a Link 16 capable terminal and Situational Awareness Data Link (SADL) capability.

The NCR-IAD's warning equipment include visual warning lasers, flare cannons, FAA radars, military radar systems, advanced electro-optical sensors (Enhanced Regional Situation Awareness), and regular cameras. Its "engagement assets" include the Norwegian Advanced Surface to Air Missile System (NASAMS) for long-range air defense; SLAMRAMMs — Surface Launched Advanced Medium Range Air to Air Missile batteries mounted on Humvees — for protection close-in; Sentinel phased array warning radar, which detects smaller targets at a range of 75 miles; and the Army's AVENGER system for threats closer to the ground or closer to the center of the protected area. Stinger missiles situated around D.C. require humans to air them and confirm targeting.

Canadian NORAD Region

An F-15 Eagle pilot assigned to the 71st Fighter Squadron flies a combat air patrol mission.

As the Canadian geographical component of NORAD, CANR provides airspace surveillance and control, and directs all air sovereignty activities for the Canadian NORAD Region. CANR and its assigned Air Force assets throughout the country ensure air safety and security against potential air threats and have supported special events such as the G-8 Summit and the visits of foreign dignitaries.[5]

The Canadian NORAD Region (CANR) flew Operation Noble Eagle (ONE) air defense protection missions in the Windsor, Ontario/Detroit, Michigan area on 5 February 2006, in support of Super Bowl XL at Ford Field. These types of missions had become more common at organized entertainment such as the Super Bowl.[5]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Operations Noble Eagle, Enduring Freedom, and Iraqi Freedom: Questions and Answers About U.S. Military Personnel, Compensation, and Force Structure" (PDF). Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress. Retrieved 21 December 2009..
  2. ↑ "AFA – The Years of Noble Eagle". Air Force Association. Archived from the original on 25 February 2008. Retrieved 28 June 2008.
  3. ↑ "F-15E Strike Eagles to fly again in Iraq". CNN. 14 November 2007. Retrieved 14 November 2007.
  4. ↑ "CF-18 Hornet". Government of Canada. Retrieved 25 June 2008.
  5. 1 2 "Halifax Live – NORAD To Fly Operation Noble Eagle for Super Bowl XL Security". Halifax Live. 31 January 2006. Retrieved 25 June 2008.
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