Long Island, Maine

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 33.52 square miles (86.82 km²), of which, 1.42 square miles (3.68 km²) of it is land and 32.10 square miles (83.14 km²) is water.^[1]

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
2000	202		—
2010	230		13.9%
Est. 2014	237	^[5]	3.0%
U.S. Decennial Census^[6]

The total population of 202 only includes year-round residents. A significant number of seasonal residents causes the population to swell to over 700 during the summer. There are 175 registered voters on Long Island.

Long Island maintains its own elementary school from grades K-5, but sends students to Portland for schooling from grades 6 through 12.

2010 census

As of the census^[2] of 2010, there were 230 people, 99 households, and 70 families residing in the town. The population density was 162.0 inhabitants per square mile (62.5/km²). There were 381 housing units at an average density of 268.3 per square mile (103.6/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 93.5% White, 2.2% African American, 0.4% Native American, 2.6% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.2% of the population.

There were 99 households of which 23.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.6% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.3% were non-families. 26.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.80.

The median age in the town was 52 years. 20.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 15.2% were from 25 to 44; 30.5% were from 45 to 64; and 28.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.6% male and 50.4% female.

2000 census

As of the census^[7] of 2000, there were 202 people, 93 households, and 61 families residing in the town. The population density was 141.2 people per square mile (54.5/km²). There were 353 housing units at an average density of 246.8 per square mile (95.3/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.03% White, 0.99% Asian, and 1.98% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.50% of the population.

There were 93 households out of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.2% were married couples living together, 16.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.4% were non-families. 32.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.70.

In the town the population was spread out with 25.2% under the age of 18, 3.5% from 18 to 24, 22.8% from 25 to 44, 30.2% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $35,833, and the median income for a family was $43,214. Males had a median income of $28,125 versus $28,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,278. About 10.0% of families and 10.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.6% of those under the age of eighteen and 11.1% of those sixty five or over.

History

Long Island, like other Casco Bay islands, was originally inhabited in the warm months by Native Americans until European settlers first arrived in the 17th century. Col. Ezekiel Cushing purchased the island in 1732 and is credited with being the first European to settle and build a house on the island. He died in 1765, and willed the island to his nine surviving children. Soon after, other settlers arrived to make a livelihood out of farming, fishing, and catching lobsters.

During World War II, Casco Bay became United States Navy base Sail for destroyers escorting HX, SC, and ON convoys of the Battle of the Atlantic.^[8] Facilities constructed on the island included the Torpedo Control Officers School of the Portland Naval Training Center, a navy supply pier with a naval fuel annex^[9] often cited as a source of contamination for both the island's marsh and Casco Bay, and the Naval Auxiliary Air Facility Casco Bay (NAAF) seaplane base operated as part of Naval Air Station Brunswick from 14 May 1943 to 15 December 1946.^[10]

After the war, tourism became the most popular industry, and several small stores, a fire station, and a K-5 school (1953) were built. In the summer, several hundred or even thousands of tourists travel from places such as Massachusetts and New York to vacation in their summer cottages.

The island was originally part of the city of Portland, which re-evaluated property taxes in 1990. Due in part to high real estate prices paid by out-of-state residents and property aesthetic values, property taxes increased substantially. Many residents felt this move created an unfair discrepancy between the money paid to the City of Portland and the services they received in return. The island voted to secede from Portland, and on July 1, 1993, the island was declared the Town of Long Island. The Long Island Historical Society now houses every news article that was printed about the secession movement as well as video and film footage of the secession ceremonies. These archives also include copies of the local and national news coverage given to the community during its "rebellion".

Long Island today

Long Island is still a popular destination in the summer, and is a 45-minute ferry ride from Portland. Popular attractions include South Beach (also known as Sandy Beach). The first 2/3 of this beach are state owned. The last third or so is privately owned. Another beach is Fowler's Beach, located on the western end of Long Island, although this is commonly reserved for residents of the island. Popular hiking areas of the island include the town's Conservation Area, often referred to as "The Area", and the back shore rocks, located toward the East End.

Independence Day is considered the "best day" to be on the island, as residents and visitors come to the island from all over the nation. The day includes a parade of floats, the vehicles of the Volunteer Fire Department, a Mr. and Ms. Town of Long Island election and an award ceremony for the most creative floats.

References

1 2 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-16.
1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-16.
↑ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-07-06.
↑ "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Long Island town, Cumberland County, Maine". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved June 8, 2012.
↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
↑ Morison, Samuel Eliot (1975). History of United States Naval Operations in World War II, Volume I: The Battle of the Atlantic 1939-1943. Little, Brown and Company. p. 68.
↑ "U.S.Navy Activities World War II by State". U.S. Naval Historical Center. Retrieved 2012-03-07.
↑ "Patrol Squadron Shore Establishments" (PDF). United States Navy. Retrieved 2012-03-07.

External links

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Long Island, Maine.

Municipalities and communities of Cumberland County, Maine, United States

County seat: Portland

Cities	Portland South Portland Westbrook

Towns	Baldwin Bridgton Brunswick Cape Elizabeth Casco Chebeague Island Cumberland Falmouth Freeport Frye Island Gorham Gray Harpswell Harrison Long Island Naples New Gloucester North Yarmouth Pownal Raymond Scarborough Sebago Standish Windham Yarmouth

CDPs	Bridgton Brunswick Brunswick Station Casco Cousins Island Cumberland Center Falmouth Falmouth Foreside Freeport Gorham Gray Little Falls Littlejohn Island Naples North Windham Scarborough South Windham Standish Steep Falls Yarmouth

Other villages	Casco Terrace North Bridgton Prouts Neck Sebago Lake South Casco South Freeport White Rock

Casco Bay

Major Islands	Bailey Island Bustins Island Chebeague Island Cliff Island Cousins Island Cushing Island Great Diamond Island House Island Little Diamond Island Long Island Mackworth Island Orr's Island Peaks Island Sebascodegan Island (Great Island)

Islands of Maine

Cumberland	Bailey Bustins Chebeague Cliff Cousins Cow Cushing Dingley Eagle Frye Great Diamond Hog Hope House Jewell Mackworth Little Diamond Littlejohn Long Orr's Peaks Ragged Sebascodegan

Hancock	Bar Island Cranberry Isles Baker Bear Great Cranberry Little Cranberry Sutton Deer Isle Eagle Great Duck Great Spruce Head Little Deer Long Mount Desert Nautilus Spectacle Swan's Verona

Knox	Allen Criehaven Curtis Eastern Egg Rock Franklin Isle au Haut Lane's Matinicus Metinic North Haven Seal Two Bush Vinalhaven Whitehead

Lincoln	Burnt the Cuckolds Damariscove Hog Louds Manana Monhegan Squirrel Westport Witch

Piscataquis	Gero Sugar

Sagadahoc	Arrowsic Harbor Malaga Pond

Waldo	Islesboro Sears Warren

Washington	Birch Islands Cross Great Wass Machias Seal Moose North Rock Saint Croix

York	Badger's Boon Seavey's Isles of Shoals Appledore Smuttynose

Coordinates: 43°41′03″N 70°10′16″W / 43.68417°N 70.17111°W / 43.68417; -70.17111

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