Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period

Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period
Geographical range	Mesopotamia
Period	Neolithic 3 – Pottery Neolithic (PN)
Dates	circa 5,500 B.C.E. — circa 5,000 B.C.E.
Type site	Tepe Gawra
Preceded by	Halaf culture
Followed by	Ubaid period

Tepe Gawra

Map of Iraq showing important sites that were occupied during the Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period (clickable map)

The Neolithic
↑ Mesolithic
Fertile Crescent Heavy Neolithic Shepherd Neolithic Trihedral Neolithic Pre-Pottery (A, B) Qaraoun culture Tahunian culture Yarmukian Culture Halaf culture Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period Ubaid culture Byblos Jericho Tell Aswad Çatalhöyük Jarmo Europe Arzachena culture Boian culture Butmir culture Cardium Pottery culture Cernavodă culture Coțofeni culture Cucuteni-Trypillian culture Dudeşti culture Gorneşti culture Gumelniţa–Karanovo culture Hamangia culture Khirokitia Linear Pottery culture Malta Temples Ozieri culture Petreşti culture Shulaveri-Shomu culture Sesklo culture Tisza culture Tiszapolgár culture Usatovo culture Varna culture Vinča culture Vučedol culture Neolithic Transylvania Neolithic Southeastern Europe China Peiligang culture Pengtoushan culture Beixin culture Cishan culture Dadiwan culture Houli culture Xinglongwa culture Xinle culture Zhaobaogou culture Hemudu culture Daxi culture Majiabang culture Yangshao culture Hongshan culture Dawenkou culture Songze culture Liangzhu culture Majiayao culture Qujialing culture Longshan culture Baodun culture Shijiahe culture Yueshi culture Tibet South Asia Mehrgarh Bhirrana Neolithic Philippines Jade culture
farming, animal husbandry pottery, metallurgy, wheel circular ditches, henges, megaliths Neolithic religion
↓ Chalcolithic

The Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period (ca. 5500/5400 to 5200/5000 BC) is a prehistoric period of Mesopotamia. It lies chronologically between the Halaf period and the Ubaid period. It is a very poorly understood period and was created to explain the gradual change from Halaf style pottery to Ubaid style pottery in North Mesopotamia.^[1]

Archaeology

Archaeologically the period is defined more by absence than data as the Halaf appears to have ended before 5500/5400 cal. BC and the Ubaid begins after 5200 cal. BC. There are only two sites that run from the Halaf until the Ubaid. The first of these, Tepe Gawra, was excavated in the 1930s when stratigraphic controls were lacking, causing difficulties in re-creating the sequence.^[2] The second, Tell Aqab remains largely unpublished.^[3] This makes definitive statements about the period difficult and with the present state of archaeological knowledge nothing certain can be claimed about the Halaf-Ubaid transitional except that it is a couple of hundred years long and pottery styles changed over the period.

Notes

↑ Campbell, Stuart and Fletcher, Alexandra. 2010. Questioning the Halaf-Ubaid Transition in Carter, Robert and Philip, Graham Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. ISBN 978-1-885923-66-0. Available at http://oi.uchicago.edu/research/pubs/catalog/saoc/saoc63.html (Accessed 25/07/2013). pp. 79-80.
↑ Campbell, Stuart and Fletcher, Alexandra. 2010. Questioning the Halaf-Ubaid Transition in Carter, Robert and Philip, Graham Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. ISBN 978-1-885923-66-0. Available at http://oi.uchicago.edu/research/pubs/catalog/saoc/saoc63.html (Accessed 25/07/2013). pp. 77.
↑ Campbell, Stuart and Fletcher, Alexandra. 2010. Questioning the Halaf-Ubaid Transition in Carter, Robert and Philip, Graham Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. ISBN 978-1-885923-66-0. Available at http://oi.uchicago.edu/research/pubs/catalog/saoc/saoc63.html (Accessed 25/07/2013). pp. 77

References

Davidson, T and Watkins, T. 1981. 'Two seasons of excavation at Tell Aqab in the Jezirah, N.E. Syria' Iraq. 43:1. pp. 1–18.
Tobler, Arthur. 1950. Excavations at Tepe Gawra: Volume II. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Campbell, Stuart and Fletcher, Alexandra. 2010. Questioning the Halaf-Ubaid Transition in Carter, Robert and Philip, Graham Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. ISBN 978-1-885923-66-0. Available at http://oi.uchicago.edu/research/pubs/catalog/saoc/saoc63.html (Accessed 25/07/2013)
Campbell, Stuart. 2007. 'Rethinking Halaf chronologies' Paléorient. 33:1. pp. 103–136.

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