HMS Birmingham (1913)

Birmingham in 1916
History
United Kingdom
Name:	HMS Birmingham
Namesake:	Birmingham
Ordered:	under 1911 Naval Estimates
Builder:	Armstrong Whitworth, Elswick
Laid down:	10 June 1912
Launched:	7 May 1913
Commissioned:	February 1914
Fate:	Sold for scrapping February 1931
General characteristics
Class and type:	Town-class light cruiser
Displacement:	5,440 long tons (5,530 t)
Length:	457 ft (139.3 m) o/a
Beam:	50 ft (15.2 m)
Draught:	15 ft 9 in (4.80 m)
Installed power:	25,000 shp (18,642.5 kW)
Propulsion:	4 × Parsons steam turbines 12 × Yarrow boilers 2 × shafts
Speed:	25.5 kn (29.3 mph; 47.2 km/h)
Range:	4,680 nmi (5,390 mi; 8,670 km) at 10 kn (11.5 mph; 18.5 km/h)1
Capacity:	Coal: 1,165 short tons (1,057 t) (maximum) Fuel oil: 235 short tons (213.188 t)
Complement:	433
Armament:	9 × BL 6 in (152 mm) Mk XII guns 1 × 3 in (76 mm) anti-aircraft gun 4 × 3-pounder guns 2 × machine guns 2 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes
Armour:	3 inch side amidships 1½ inch side (forward) 1¾ inch side (aft)

HMS Birmingham was lead ship of the Birmingham group of three ships of the Town-class of light cruisers built by the Royal Navy. Her sister ships were Lowestoft and Nottingham. The three ships were virtually identical to the third group of Town-class ships, but with an additional 6 in (150 mm) gun worked in on the forecastle.

History

Birmingham, a two-screw ship, was built at Elswick, launched on 7 May 1913 and completed in January 1914. She joined the 1st Light Cruiser Squadron of the Grand Fleet in 1914, visiting Kiel in June that year.

On 9 August 1914, she spotted the German submarine U-15, whose engines had failed as she lay stopped on the surface in heavy fog, off Fair Isle. The crew of Birmingham could hear hammering from inside the boat from attempted repairs, and so fired on her but missed. As the U-boat began to dive, she rammed her, cutting her in two. U-15 went down with all hands, the first U-boat loss to an enemy warship. Birmingham also sank two German merchant ships that year and took part in the Battle of Heligoland on the 28 August, and the Battle of Dogger Bank in January 1915.

In February, she joined the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron, attacking a u-boat on 18 June 1915 without success.

Birmingham under fire at the Battle of Jutland

She also took part in the Battle of Jutland as a member of the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron, during which she sustained damage caused by splintering during the night of the battle.

After the First World War, she was flagship to the 6th Light Cruiser Squadron in 1919-1920, after which she was transferred to the Nore from 1920-1922. Considered (with two other two shaft 'Towns') for conversion to a minelayer, but the idea was not pursued. She was recommissioned in November 1923 to the Africa Station with the 6th Light Cruiser Squadron as Flagship, relieving Lowestoft. She then continued to serve in foreign stations until being sold in 1931. She arrived at the yards of Thos W Ward, of Pembroke Dock on 12 March that year to be broken up.

Notes

Bibliography

• Brown, David K. (2010). The Grand Fleet: Warship Design and Development 1906–1922. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-085-7. 
• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8. OCLC 67375475. 
• Corbett, Julian. Naval Operations to the Battle of the Falklands. History of the Great War: Based on Official Documents. I (2nd, reprint of the 1938 ed.). London and Nashville, Tennessee: Imperial War Museum and Battery Press. ISBN 0-89839-256-X. 
• Corbett, Julian (1997). Naval Operations. History of the Great War: Based on Official Documents. II (reprint of the 1929 second ed.). London and Nashille, Tennessee: Imperial War Museum in association with the Battery Press. ISBN 1-870423-74-7. 
• Friedman, Norman (2010). British Cruisers: Two World Wars and After. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-59114-078-8. 
• Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval Weapons of World War One. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-84832-100-7. 
• Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1984). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships: 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5. 
• Lyon, David (1977). "The First Town Class 1908–31: Part 1". Warship. London: Conway Maritime Press. 1 (1): 48–58. ISBN 0-85177-132-7. 
• Lyon, David (1977). "The First Town Class 1908–31: Part 2". Warship. London: Conway Maritime Press. 1 (2): 54–61. ISBN 0-85177-132-7. 
• Lyon, David (1977). "The First Town Class 1908–31: Part 3". Warship. London: Conway Maritime Press. 1 (3): 46–51. ISBN 0-85177-132-7. 
• Newbolt, Henry (1996). Naval Operations. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents. V (reprint of the 1931 ed.). Nashville, Tennessee: Battery Press. ISBN 0-89839-255-1. 

External links

• Ships of the Birmingham group
• "An Echo from Jutland" Pathe newsreel dated 24 October 1921, in which the Lord Mayor of Birmingham receives the ship's battle scarred ensign.
• "Royal Navy Log Books - HMS Birmingham". naval-history.net. Retrieved 2013-12-22.  OldWeather.org transcription of ship's logbooks June 1919 to June 1921

Town-class cruisers
Bristol class	Royal Navy Glasgow Gloucester Liverpool Newcastle Bristol
Weymouth class	Royal Navy Weymouth Yarmouth Falmouth Dartmouth
Chatham class	Royal Navy Chatham Dublin Southampton  Royal Australian Navy Melbourne Sydney Brisbane  Royal New Zealand Navy Chatham
Birmingham class	Royal Navy Birmingham Nottingham Lowestoft  Royal Australian Navy Adelaide
Birkenhead class	Royal Hellenic Navy Antinavarchos Kountouriotis Lambros Katsonis  Royal Navy Birkenhead (ex-Antinavarchos Kountouriotis) Chester (ex-Lambros Katsonis)
Preceded by: None Followed by: Arethusa class
List of cruisers of the Royal Navy List of cruisers of the Royal Australian Navy List of cruisers of the Royal Hellenic Navy