Ent-kaurene oxidase

Identifiers

Databases

PDB structures

Ent-kaurene oxidase (EC 1.14.13.78) is an enzyme with systematic name ent-kaur-16-ene,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating).^[1]^[2]^[3] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

ent-kaur-16-ene + 3 NADPH + 3 H⁺ + 3 O₂

\rightleftharpoons

ent-kaur-16-en-19-oate + 3 NADP⁺ + 4 H₂O (overall reaction)

(1a) ent-kaur-16-ene + NADPH + H⁺ + O₂

\rightleftharpoons

ent-kaur-16-en-19-ol + NADP⁺ + H₂O

(1b) ent-kaur-16-en-19-ol + NADPH + H⁺ + O₂

\rightleftharpoons

ent-kaur-16-en-19-al + NADP⁺ + 2 H₂O

(1c) ent-kaur-16-en-19-al + NADPH + O₂

\rightleftharpoons

ent-kaur-16-en-19-oate + NADP⁺ + H₂O

Ent-kaurene oxidase requires cytochrome P450.

References

↑ Ashman, P.J.; Mackenzie, A.; Bramley, P.M. (1990). "Characterization of ent-kaurene oxidase activity from Gibberella fujikuroi". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1036 (2): 151–157. doi:10.1016/0304-4165(90)90027-t. PMID 2223832.
↑ Archer, C.; Ashman, P.J.; Hedden, P.; Bowyer, J.R.; Bramley, P.M. (1992). "Purification of ent-kaurene oxidase from Gibberella fujikuroi and Cucurbita maxima". Biochem. Soc. Trans. 20 (2): 218–218. PMID 1397591.
↑ Helliwell, C.A.; Poole, A.; Peacock, W.J.; Dennis, E.S. (1999). "Arabidopsis ent-kaurene oxidase catalyzes three steps of gibberellin biosynthesis". Plant Physiol. 119 (2): 507–510. doi:10.1104/pp.119.2.507. PMC 32127. PMID 9952446.

Ent-kaurene oxidase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Oxidoreductases: dioxygenases, including steroid hydroxylases (EC 1.14)

1.14.11: 2-oxoglutarate	Prolyl hydroxylase Lysyl hydroxylase

1.14.13: NADH or NADPH	Flavin-containing monooxygenase FMO1 FMO2 FMO3 FMO4 FMO5 Nitric oxide synthase NOS1 NOS2 NOS3 Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase Methane monooxygenase 3A4 Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase 24-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase

1.14.14: reduced flavin or flavoprotein	19A1 2D6 2E1

1.14.15: reduced iron-sulfur protein	11B1 11B2 11A1

1.14.16: reduced pteridine (BH4 dependent)	Phenylalanine hydroxylase Tyrosine hydroxylase Tryptophan hydroxylase

1.14.17: reduced ascorbate	Dopamine beta-hydroxylase

1.14.18-19: other	Tyrosinase Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1

1.14.99 - miscellaneous	Cyclooxygenase Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) Squalene monooxygenase 17A1 21A2

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list)

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