Cherkasy Oblast

Cherkasy Oblast
Черкаська область
Cherkas’ka oblast’
Oblast
Flag of Cherkasy Oblast
Flag
Coat of arms of Cherkasy Oblast
Coat of arms
Nickname(s): Черкащина (Cherkashchyna)
Country  Ukraine
Established January 7, 1954
Administrative center Cherkasy
Largest cities Cherkasy, Uman, Smila, Zolotonosha
Government
  Governor Yuriy Tkachenko[1][2]
  Oblast council 76 seats
  Chairperson Valentyna Kovalenko
Area
  Total 20,900 km2 (8,100 sq mi)
Area rank Ranked 18th
Population (2006)
  Total 1,335,064
  Rank Ranked 15th
  Density 64/km2 (170/sq mi)
Demographics
  Official language(s) Ukrainian
  Average salary UAH 817 (2006)
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
  Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Postal code 18-20xxx
Area code +380 47
ISO 3166 code UA-71
Vehicle registration CA
Raions 20
Cities (total)
 Regional cities
25
6
Urban-type settlements 34
Villages 838
FIPS 10-4 UP01
Website www.oda.ck.ua
www.rada.gov.ua

Cherkasy Oblast (Ukrainian: Черкаська область, translit. Cherkas’ka oblast’; also referred to as Черкащина, Cherkashchyna) is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine located along the Dnieper River. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Cherkasy.

Geography

With 20,900 km², the Cherkasy oblast is the 18th largest oblast of Ukraine, comprising about 3.5% of the area of the country. The south flowing Dnieper River with the hilly western bank and the plain eastern bank divides the oblast into two unequal parts. The larger western part belongs to the Dnieper Upland. The low-lying eastern part of the oblast used to be subject to the frequent Dnieper flooding before the flow of the river became controlled by multiple dams of Hydroelectric Power Plants constructed along the river in the 20th century.

The oblast extends for 245 km from south-west to north-east, and for 150 km from north to south. The northernmost point of the oblast is located is near the village of Kononivka in the Drabivskyi Raion (district), the southernmost point near the village of Kolodyste in the Talnivskyi Raion, the westernmost point near the village of Korytnya in the Zhashkivskyi Raion, and the easternmost point near the village of Stetsivka in the Chyhyrynsky Raion. The geometric centre of the oblast is located near the village Zhuravky of the Horodyshchenskyi Raion. The oblast borders the Kiev Oblast to the north, the Kirovohrad Oblast to the south, the Poltava Oblast to the east, and the Vinnytsia Oblast to the west.

History

The Cherkasy Oblast was created as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic on January 7, 1954. The oblast's territory was the major cities of Cherkasy, Smila and Uman, their corresponding raions (districts), as well as 30 former raions of the Vinnytsia, Kiev, Kirovohrad and Poltava Oblasts.

Archaeological discoveries, have shown that people have inhabited the valley of the Dnieper (Dnipro) River since the times immemorial. The oldest objects excavated on the territory of the region date back to the Stone Age – the Palaeolithic period.

Administrative divisions

Map of Cherkasy Oblast.

Cherkasy Oblast is administratively subdivided into 20 raions (districts), as well as 6 cities (municipalities) which are directly subordinate to the oblast government: Vatutine, Zolotonosha, Kaniv, Smila, and the administrative center of the oblast, Cherkasy. There are a total of 25 cities, 34 towns, and 838 villages.

The following data incorporates the number of each type of administrative divisions of Cherkasy Oblast:

The local administration of the oblast is controlled by the Cherkasy Oblast Rada. The governor of the oblast is the Cherkasy Oblast Rada speaker, appointed by the President of Ukraine.

Name Ukrainian Name Area
(km2)
Population
census 2015[3]
Admin.center Urban Population Only
Cherkasy Черка́си (місто) 69 284,479 Cherkasy (city) 283,610
Kaniv Канів (місто) 18 25,169 Kaniv (city) 25,169
Smila Сміла (місто) 40 68,664 Smila (city) 68,657
Uman Умань (місто) 41 86,050 Uman (city) 86,050
Vatutine Ватутіне (місто) 11 17,616 Vatutine (city) 16,958
Zolotonosha Золотоноша (місто) 22 29,277 Zolotonosha (city) 28,301
Cherkaskyi Raion Черкаський (район) 1,617 75,758 Cherkasy (city) N/A *
Chornobaivskyi Raion Чорнобаївський (район) 1,554 41,217 Chornobai 7,312
Chyhyrynskyi Raion Чигири́нський (район) 1,217 27,012 Chyhyryn 9,002
Drabivskyi Raion Драбівський (район) 1,160 35,387 Drabiv 9,349
Horodyshchevskyi Raion Городищенський (район) 883 40,986 Horodyshche 18,562
Kamyanskyi Raion Кам'янканський (район) 726 27,539 Kamianka 12,059
Kanivskyi Raion Канівський (район) 1,282 19,218 Kaniv (city) N/A *
Katerynopilskyi Raion Катеринопільський (район) 672 24,337 Katerynopil 9,740
Khrystynivskyi Raion Христинівський (район) 632 35,108 Khrystynivka 14,533
Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi Raion Новобузький (район) 896 43,296 Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi 21,994
Lysianskyi Raion Лисянський (район) 746 23,808 Lysianka 7,998
Mankivskyi Raion Маньківський (район) 765 27,773 Mankivka 9,642
Monastyryshenskyi Raion Монастирищенський (район) 720 36,395 Monastyryshche 12,575
Shpolyaskyi Raion Шполянський (район) 1,106 43,729 Shpola 17,331
Smilyanskyi Raion Смілянський (район) 934 32,422 Smila (city) N/A *
Talnivskyi Raion Тальнівський (район) 910 34,371 Talne 14,048
Umanskyi Raion Уманський (район) 1,393 43,046 Uman (city) N/A *
Zhashkivskyi Raion Жашківський (район) 964 37,310 Zhashkiv 14,111
Zolotonskyi Raion Золотоніський (район) 1,492 41,605 Zolotonosha (city) N/A *
Zvenyhorodskyi Raion Звенигородський (район) 1,010 44,594 Zvenyhorodka 17,463
Note: Asterisks (*) Though the administrative center of the rayon is housed in the city/town that its named after, cities do not answer to the rayon authorities only towns do; instead they are directly subordinated to the oblast government and therefore are not counted as part of rayon statistics.

Demographics

A church in Subotiv near Chyhyryn, the birthplace of Ukrainian Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky.
The Sviato-Uspenskyi Cathedral in Zolotonosha.

The current estimated population is 1,335,064 (as of 2006).

According to the 2001 Ukrainian census, the oblast's population is almost equally divided between the urban and rural areas (53.7% and 46.3%, respectively).[4] The demographic situation in this largely agricultural territory is somewhat complicated by population ageing.[5]

By ethnic composition, Ukrainians represent the overwhelming majority of the oblast's population (93.6%).[6] Ethnic Russians are the distant second group of population (5.4%), and are concentrated mainly in the city of Cherkasy.

The oblast is primarily Ukrainophone.

Age structure

0-14 years: 13.4% Steady (male 87,557/female 82,340)
15-64 years: 69.1% Decrease (male 417,426/female 457,390)
65 years and over: 17.5% Steady (male 72,835/female 147,711) (2013 official)

Median age

total: 41.7 years Increase
male: 38.4 years Increase
female: 45.0 years Increase (2013 official)

Economy

The economy of the Cherkasy Oblast is largely dominated by agriculture. While the winter wheat and sugar beets are the main products grown in the oblast, barley, corn, tobacco and hemp are also grown. Cattle breeding is also important.

The industry is mainly concentrated in Cherkasy, the oblast's capital and the largest city. A chemical industry was developed in the city in late 1960s in addition to machine building, furniture making and agricultural processing.

Attractions

Nomenclature

Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their capital cities, officially referred to as "oblast centers" (Ukrainian: обласний центр, translit. oblasnyi tsentr). The name of each oblast is a relative adjective, formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of respective center city: Cherkasy is the center of the Cherkas’ka oblast’ (Cherkasy Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with the Cherkasy Oblast, Cherkashchyna.

See also

References

  • "Cherkasy Region". Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Retrieved 2007-06-01. 
  • (1972) Icтopia мicт i ciл Укpaїнcькoї CCP - Черкаськa область (History of Towns and Villages of the Ukrainian SSR - Cherkasy Oblast), Kiev. (Ukrainian)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cherkasy Oblast.
  • oda.ck.ua—Official website of Cherkasy Oblast Administration (Ukrainian)/(Russian)/(English)
  • ukrainebiz.com—Cherkasy oblast: facts and figures

Coordinates: 49°26′41″N 32°03′37″E / 49.44472°N 32.06028°E / 49.44472; 32.06028

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