Acetic acid (data page)

This page provides supplementary chemical data on acetic acid.

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source and follow its directions.

MSDS from EM SCIENCE in the SDSdata.org database
PTCL Safety web site
Science Stuff

Structure and properties

Index of refraction, n_D

1.3716

Dielectric constant, ε_r

6.15 ε₀ at 20 °C

Bond strength

Bond length

Bond angle

Magnetic susceptibility

Surface tension

26.6 dyn/cm at 30°C

Viscosity^[1]

1.222 mPa·s	at 20°C
1.0396 mPa·s	at 30°C
0.7956 mPa·s	at 50°C
0.4244 mPa·s	at 110°C

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point	289.8 K (16.7 °C), ? Pa
Critical point	593 K (320 °C), 57.8 bar
Eutectic point with water	–26.7 °C
Std enthalpy change of fusionΔ_fusH^o	+11.7 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of fusionΔ_fusS^o	40.5 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change of vaporizationΔ_vapH^o	+23.7 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of vaporizationΔ_vapS^o	? J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation Δ_fH^o_solid	? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy S^o_solid	? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity c_p	? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation Δ_fH^o_liquid	−483.5 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy S^o_liquid	158.0 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, Δ_cH^o	–876.1 kJ/mol
Heat capacity c_p	123.1 J/(mol K)
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change of formation Δ_fH^o_gas	–438.1 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy S^o_gas	195 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity c_p	63.4 J/(mol K)
van der Waals' constants^[2]	a = 1782.3 L² kPa/mol² b = 0.1068 liter per mole

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg		1	10	40	100	400	760	1520	3800	7600	15200	30400	45600
T in °C		–17.2	17.5	43.0	63.0	99.0	118.1	143.5	180.3	214.0	252.0	297.0	—

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

Acetic acid vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses formula:

\scriptstyle P_{mmHg}=10^{7.80307 - \frac {1651.2} {225+T}}

for T = 0 to 36°C

\scriptstyle P_{mmHg}=10^{7.18807 - \frac {1416.7} {211+T}}

for T = 36 to 170°C
Formula from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed.

log₁₀ of acetic acid vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses formula:

\scriptstyle \log_{10}P_{mmHg}=7.80307 - \frac {1651.2} {225+T}

for T = 0 to 36°C

\scriptstyle \log_{10}P_{mmHg}=7.18807 - \frac {1416.7} {211+T}

for T = 36 to 170°C
Formula from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed.

Distillation data

BP Temp. °C	mole % water
Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Acetic acid/Water^[3] P = 760 mm Hg
BP Temp. °C	liquid	vapor
116.5	2.2	5.8
114.6	5.4	12.3
113.4	8.6	16.8
113.5	9.9	18.3
113.1	10.1	18.8
110.6	18.9	29.8
107.8	30.3	43.3
106.1	41.3	54.5
104.4	52.2	64.9
103.1	62.4	73.5
102.3	69.6	79.2
101.6	77.8	85.1
100.8	87.6	91.4
100.5	92.3	94.4
100.4	94.5	96.0
100.1	98.5	98.9

Spectral data

UV-Vis

λ_max

207 nm (gas phase)

Extinction coefficient, ε

Major absorption bands^[4]

Wave number	transmittance
(liquid film)
2937 cm⁻¹	26%
2684 cm⁻¹	41%
2631 cm⁻¹	39%
2569 cm⁻¹	49%
1758 cm⁻¹	19%
1714 cm⁻¹	4%
1617 cm⁻¹	66%
1414 cm⁻¹	20%
1360 cm⁻¹	39%
1294 cm⁻¹	12%
1053 cm⁻¹	67%
1016 cm⁻¹	41%
937 cm⁻¹	35%
892 cm⁻¹	41%
629 cm⁻¹	31%
607 cm⁻¹	49%
481 cm⁻¹	36%
473 cm⁻¹	52%

NMR

Proton NMR

δ CDCl₃ 2.10 (3H), 11.42 (1H)

Carbon-13 NMR

δ CDCl₃ 20.8, 178.1

Other NMR data

Masses of
main fragments

60 (75%), 45 (90%),
43 (100%), 42 (13%), 15 (17%)

References

↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp 1669-1674
↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp 1522-1524
↑ "Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 5 May 2007.
↑ "Spectral Database for Organic Compounds" (Queriable database). Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Retrieved 9 June 2007.

Linstrom, P.J.; Mallard, W.G. (eds.) NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD. http://webbook.nist.gov
Orlando, John J.; Tyndall, Geoffrey S. (2003). "Gas phase UV absorption spectra for peracetic acid, and for acetic acid monomers and dimers". J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 157 (2–3): 161–66. doi:10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00067-4.

Except where noted otherwise, data relate to standard ambient temperature and pressure.

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