Wells Street Station

This article is about the terminal of the Chicago and North Western Railway. For the terminal of the Chicago Aurora and Elgin Railroad, see Wells Street Terminal. For other uses, see Wells railway station (disambiguation).
Wells Street Station

Postcard view ca. 1910
Location Wells Street, Chicago, Illinois
Coordinates 41°53′19″N 87°38′06″W / 41.88858°N 87.63493°W / 41.88858; -87.63493Coordinates: 41°53′19″N 87°38′06″W / 41.88858°N 87.63493°W / 41.88858; -87.63493
Owned by Galena and Chicago Union Railroad
Chicago and North Western Railway
History
Opened 1853
Closed June 3, 1911
Rebuilt 1871 (following the Great Chicago Fire)
1881

Wells Street Station was a passenger terminal of the Chicago and North Western Railway, located at the southwest corner of Wells Street and Kinzie Avenue in Chicago, Illinois. It was replaced in 1911 by the Chicago and North Western Terminal on the other (west) side of the North Branch of the Chicago River, removing passenger trains from the Kinzie Street railroad bridge over the river. The Merchandise Mart opened in 1930 on the land formerly occupied by the station.

History

Chicago and North Western's Wells Street Station, ca. 1900

The first station at Wells Street was built by the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, the first railroad in Chicago. When the railroad opened in 1848 it operated out of a depot on the west side of the Chicago River, near the corner of Canal and Kinzie Streets. In 1851 the railroad began to purchase the land needed to build a new station to the east of the river, and construction of this station at Wells Street took place during 1852 and 1853.[1] On February 15, 1865 the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad merged with the Chicago and North Western Railway. The first Wells Street station was destroyed in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, a temporary wooden structure replaced it until, in 1881 the Wells Street Station opened in the same location.

This sign directed passengers to the new Chicago and North Western Terminal on Madison Street.

The Wells Street Station was bounded by the Chicago River to the south and west, Kinzie Street to the north and Wells Street to the east leaving no room for expansion; furthermore, as both rail and ship traffic increased, the movable bridge over the river resulted in congestion.[2] In 1911 the new Chicago and North Western Terminal opened, with new elevated approaches branching from the old ones west of the river. The station remained for freight, and when the Merchandise Mart opened in 1930 (using air rights above the railroad), a new freight station served the Mart, and was connected by elevators to the Chicago Tunnel Company.

References

  1. ↑ Yesterday and today: a history of the Chicago and North Western railway system. Chicago and North Western Railway Company. 1910. pp. 34–35. Retrieved July 21, 2010.
  2. ↑ Grant, H. Roger (1996). The North Western: A History of the Chicago & North Western Railway System. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press. p. 113. ISBN 0-87580-214-1.
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