Vice President of Brazil

Vice President of Brazil

Vice Presidential Standard
Incumbent
position vacant
since 31 August 2016
Residence Palácio do Jaburu
Term length Four years, renewable once
Inaugural holder Marshal Floriano Peixoto
Formation February 26, 1891
Website Vice Presidency
Brazil
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Brazil
Foreign relations

The Vice President of Brazil (Portuguese: Vice-presidente do Brasil) is the second-highest ranking government official in the executive branch of the Government of Brazil, preceded only by the president. The Vice President's primary role is to replace the president on the event of his or her death, resignation, or impeachment, and to temporarily take over the presidential powers and duties while the President is abroad, or otherwise temporarily unable to carry out his or her duties. The Vice President is elected jointly with the president as his or her running mate.

The office has existed since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, although it was only officially instated as of the 1891 Constitution. It has been in place throughout all of Brazil's republican history, save for the fifteen years of the Vargas Era, when it was abolished.

Requirements

The requirements to run for the office of Vice President are exactly those of the Presidency itself. In addition to the ordinary requirements to run for political office in Brazil, under the terms of article 14 of the Constitution, a candidate for the Vice Presidency must be a natural born citizen of Brazil (which under certain circumstances may include the offspring of one or two Brazilian parents living abroad) and be at least 35 years of age.

Election and tenure

The President and Vice President are elected on a single ticket for a four-year term and are inaugurated on 1 January of the year following that of the election. Both may be re-elected for a subsequent term.

If the Vice President succeeds a sitting President, he or she may be reelected for an additional term. However, he or she is not eligible to run for a second full term, as under Brazilian law any partial term counts toward the limit of two consecutive terms. This limit applies whenever the Vice President serves as Acting President when the President is either abroad or suspended from office as a result of impeachment.

Workplace and official residence

The Vice President works in an annex building of the Palácio do Planalto. The official residence of the Vice President is the Palácio do Jaburu, inaugurated in 1977.

Ascension to the Presidency

Since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, eight Vice Presidents have been called upon to replace former Presidents: four due to death of the incumbent (Nilo Peçanha, Delfim Moreira, Café Filho, and José Sarney), two due to resignation (Floriano Peixoto and João Goulart), and two due to impeachment conviction[1] (Itamar Franco and Michel Temer).

List of Vice Presidents

# Name Birthplace Start of term End of term Party President(s) served
1 Marechal Floriano Vieira Peixoto Alagoas February 26, 1891 November 23, 1891 Deodoro da Fonseca
Vacant November 23, 1891 November 15, 1894 Vacant Floriano Peixoto
2 Manuel Vitorino Pereira Bahia November 15, 1894 November 15, 1898 Prudente de Morais
3 Francisco de Assis Rosa e Silva Pernambuco November 15, 1898 November 15, 1902 Campos Sales
▬ Francisco Silviano de Almeida Brandão Minas Gerais PRM Rodrigues Alves
4 Afonso Pena Minas Gerais June 17, 1903 November 15, 1906 PRM Rodrigues Alves
5 Nilo Procopio Peçanha Rio de Janeiro November 15, 1906 June 14, 1909 Afonso Pena
Vacant June 14, 1909 November 15, 1910 Vacant Nilo Peçanha
6 Venceslau Brás Minas Gerais November 15, 1910 November 15, 1914 PRM Hermes da Fonseca
7 Urbano Santos da Costa Araújo Maranhão November 15, 1914 November 15, 1918 Venceslau Brás
8 Delfim Moreira Minas Gerais November 15, 1918 January 16, 1919 PRM Rodrigues Alves
Vacant November 15, 1918 July 28, 1919 Vacant Delfim Moreira
8 Delfim Moreira Minas Gerais July 28, 1919 July 1, 1920 PRM Epitácio Pessoa
9 Francisco Álvaro Bueno de Paiva Minas Gerais November 10, 1920 November 15, 1922 PRM Epitacio Pessoa
10 Estácio Coimbra Pernambuco November 15, 1922 November 15, 1926 Artur Bernardes
11 Fernando de Melo Viana Minas Gerais November 15, 1926 October 24, 1930 PRM Washington Luís
▬ Vital Henrique Batista Soares Bahia Julio Prestes
The post of Vice-President was abolished in the 1934 Constitution and restored in the 1946 Constitution
12 Nereu de Oliveira Ramos Santa Catarina September 19, 1946 January 31, 1951 PSD Gaspar Dutra
13 João Café Filho Rio Grande do Norte January 31, 1951 August 24, 1954 PSP Getúlio Vargas
Vacant August 24, 1954 January 31, 1956 Vacant Café Filho/Carlos Luz/Nereu Ramos
14 João Belchior Marques Goulart Rio Grande do Sul January 31, 1956 September 7, 1961 PTB Juscelino Kubitschek/Jânio Quadros
Vacant September 7, 1961 April 1, 1964 Vacant João Belchior Marques Goulart
15 José Maria Alkmin Minas Gerais April 15, 1964 March 15, 1967 PSD Castelo Branco
16 Pedro Aleixo Minas Gerais March 15, 1967 October 6, 1969 ARENA Costa e Silva
Vacant August 31, 1969 October 30, 1969 Vacant Brazilian Military Junta of 1969
17 Augusto Hamann Rademaker Grünewald Guanabara October 30, 1969 March 15, 1974 ARENA Garrastazú Medici
18 Gen. Adalberto Pereira dos Santos Rio Grande do Sul March 15, 1974 March 15, 1979 ARENA Ernesto Geisel
19 Antonio Aureliano Chaves de Mendonça Minas Gerais March 15, 1979 March 15, 1985 ARENA João Figueiredo
20 José Sarney (José Ribamar Ferreira de Araújo Costa) Maranhão March 15, 1985 April 21, 1985 PMDB Tancredo Neves
Vacant April 21, 1985 March 14, 1990 Vacant José Sarney
21 Itamar Augusto Cantiero Franco born at sea between Bahia and Rio de Janeiro March 15, 1990 December 29, 1992 PMDB Fernando Collor de Mello
Vacant December 29, 1992 January 1, 1995 Vacant Itamar Franco
22 Marco Maciel Pernambuco January 1, 1995 January 1, 2003 PFL Fernando H. Cardoso
23 José Alencar Gomes da Silva Minas Gerais January 1, 2003 January 1, 2011 PL, PRB Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
24 Michel Temer São Paulo January 1, 2011 August 31, 2016 PMDB Dilma Rousseff
Vacant August 31, 2016 Vacant Michel Temer

See also

References

  1. ↑ President Fernando Collor de Mello was impeached by the Chamber of Deputies, but resigned before being convicted in the Senate, resulting in Itamar Franco becoming President while the trial of Collor continued (eventually resulting in a conviction and his disqualification from public office for eight years).
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