United States Senate elections, 1932 and 1933

United States Senate elections, 1932 and 1933
United States
November 8, 1932
(And other dates for special elections)

35 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate
49 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Joseph Robinson James Watson
(defeated)
Party Democratic Republican
Leader's seat Arkansas Indiana
Last election 47 seats 48 seats
Seats after 59 36
Seat change Increase 12 Decrease 12

  Third party
 
Party Farmer–Labor
Last election 1 seat
Seats before 1
Seats after 1
Seat change Steady

  Republican hold
  Democratic hold
  Democratic gain

Majority Leader before election

James Watson
Republican

Elected Majority Leader

Joseph Robinson
Democratic

The United States Senate elections of 1932 (and subsequent special elections in 1933) coincided with Democrat Franklin Delano Roosevelt's crushing defeat of incumbent Herbert Hoover in the presidential election. With the administration widely blamed for the Great Depression, Republicans lost twelve seats and control of the chamber. This became the first time since 1920 that the victorious party defended all of their own seats and achieved a pickup in the double-digits.

This was the first election in history that a Senate leader (in this case the Majority Leader) from either party lost re-election.

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 D48
Plurality ↑ FL1
R39 R40 R41 R42 R43 R44 R45 R46 R47
R38 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

Beginning of the next Congress

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 O D45 O D46 O D47 O D48 O
Majority → D49 +
D50 + D51 + D52 + D53 + D54 + D55 + D56 + D57 + D58 +
D59 + FL1 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
Key:
D# Democratic
FL# Farmer-Labor
R# Republican
 
Incumbent re-elected or appointee elected to finish term
O Party hold: New senator elected from same party
+ Party gain: New senator elected from different party

Gains and losses

Democrats took open seats in California, Iowa, and Wisconsin, and defeated eight incumbents:

Democrat George McGill won re-election in Kansas. As of 2014, he is the last Democrat to win a U.S. Senate election in Kansas.

Hattie Caraway (D-AR) was the first woman to be elected to a full term in the Senate.

Complete list of races

All races are general elections for class 3 seats, unless noted.

Separate election

Date State Incumbent Party Result Candidates
January 12, 1932 Arkansas
(Special: Class 2)
Thaddeus H. Caraway Democratic Died
Democratic hold
Winner was subsequently re-elected in November
Hattie W. Caraway (D) 91+%
Rex Floyd (I)
Sam D. Carson (I)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!][1]

November races

All elections are for the Class 3 seat unless otherwise indicated.

State Incumbent Party Result Candidates
Alabama Hugo L. Black Democratic Re-elected Hugo L. Black (Democratic) 86.3%
J. Theodore Johnson (Republican) 13.8%
Arizona Carl Hayden Democratic Re-elected Carl Hayden (Democratic) 66.7%
Ralph H. Cameron (Republican) 32.1%
Arkansas Hattie W. Caraway Democratic Re-elected Hattie W. Caraway (Democratic) 89.5%
John W. White (Republican) 10.5%
California Samuel M. Shortridge Republican Lost renomination
Democratic gain
William G. McAdoo (Democratic) 43.4%
Tallant Tubbs (Republican) 30.8%
Robert P. Shuler (Prohibition) 25.8%
Colorado
(Special: Class 3)
Walter Walker Democratic Appointee lost election to finish term
Winner elected to finish term ending March 4, 1933
Republican gain
Karl C. Schuyler (Republican) 48.76%
Walter Walker (Democratic) 48.51%
Carle Whitehead (Socialist) 2.73%[2]
Colorado
(General: Class 3)
Appointee did not run for next term.
Winner elected to next term starting March 4, 1933
Democratic gain
Alva B. Adams (Democratic) 52.23%
Karl C. Schuyler (Republican) 45.78%
Carle Whitehead (Socialist) 1.99%[2]
Connecticut Hiram Bingham III Republican Lost re-election
Democratic gain
Augustine Lonergan (Democratic) 48.5%
Hiram Bingham III (Republican) 47.7%
Florida Duncan U. Fletcher Democratic Re-elected Duncan U. Fletcher (Democratic) 99.8%
Georgia
(Special: Class 2)
John S. Cohen Democratic Retired
Winner elected to finish term ending January 3, 1937
Democratic hold
Richard Russell, Jr. (Democratic) unopposed
Georgia Walter F. George Democratic Re-elected Walter F. George (Democratic) 92.8%
James W. Arnold (Republican) 7.2%
Idaho John Thomas Republican Lost re-election
Democratic gain
James Pope (Democratic) 55.7%
John Thomas (Republican) 42.3%
Illinois Otis F. Glenn Republican Lost re-election
Democratic gain
William H. Dieterich (Democratic) 52.2%
Otis F. Glenn (Republican) 46.0%
Indiana James E. Watson Republican Lost re-election
Democratic gain
Frederick Van Nuys (Democratic) 55.6%
James E. Watson (Republican) 42.3%
Iowa Smith W. Brookhart Republican Lost renomination
Democratic gain
Richard L. Murphy (Democratic) 54.9%
Henry Field (Republican) 40.8%
Kansas George McGill Democratic Re-elected George McGill (Democratic) 45.7%
Ben S. Paulen (Republican) 42.0%
Kentucky Alben W. Barkley Democratic Re-elected Alben W. Barkley (Democratic) 59.2%
M. H. Thatcher (Republican) 40.5%
Louisiana Edwin S. Broussard Democratic Lost renomination
Democratic hold
John H. Overton (Democratic) unopposed
Maryland Millard E. Tydings Democratic Re-elected Millard E. Tydings (Democratic) 66.2%
Wallace Williams (Republican) 31.2%
Missouri Harry B. Hawes Democratic Retired
Democratic hold
Bennett Champ Clark (Democratic) 63.2%
Henry Kiel (Republican) 35.9%
Nevada Tasker L. Oddie Republican Lost re-election
Democratic gain
Patrick A. McCarran (Democratic) 52.1%
Tasker L. Oddie (Republican) 47.9%
New Hampshire George H. Moses Republican Lost re-election
Democratic gain
Fred H. Brown (Democratic) 50.4%
George H. Moses (Republican) 49.3%
New Jersey
(Special: Class 2)
W. Warren Barbour Republican Appointee elected to finish term ending January 3, 1937 W. Warren Barbour (Republican) 49.6%
Percy H. Stewart (Democratic) 48.5%
New York Robert F. Wagner Democratic Re-elected Robert F. Wagner (Democratic) 55.8%
George Z. Medalie (Republican) 38.6%
North Carolina
(Special: Class 3)
Cameron A. Morrison Democratic Lost nomination to finish term ending March 3, 1933
Democratic hold
Robert R. Reynolds (Democratic) 68.7%
Jake F. Newell (Republican) 31.3%[3]
North Carolina
(General: Class 3)
Lost nomination to next term beginning March 3, 1933
Democratic hold
Robert R. Reynolds (Democratic) 68.6%
Jake F. Newell (Republican) 31.4%[3]
North Dakota Gerald P. Nye Republican Re-elected Gerald P. Nye (Republican) 72.3%
P. W. Lanier (Democratic) 27.5%
Ohio Robert J. Bulkley Democratic Re-elected Robert J. Bulkley (Democratic) 52.5%
Gilbert Bettman (Republican) 45.8%
Oklahoma Elmer Thomas Democratic Re-elected Elmer Thomas (Democratic) 65.6%
Wirt Franklin (Republican) 33.7%
Oregon Frederick Steiwer Republican Re-elected Frederick Steiwer (Republican) 52.7%
Walter B. Gleason (Democratic) 38.9%
Pennsylvania James J. Davis Republican Re-elected James J. Davis (Republican) 49.3%
Lawrence H. Rupp (Democratic) 43.2%
South Carolina Ellison D. Smith Democratic Re-elected Ellison D. Smith (Democratic) unopposed
South Dakota Peter Norbeck Republican Re-elected Peter Norbeck (Republican) 53.8%
U.S.G. Cherry (Democratic) 44.6%
Utah Reed Smoot Republican Lost re-election
Democratic gain
Elbert D. Thomas (Democratic) 56.7%
Reed Smoot (Republican) 41.7%
Vermont Porter H. Dale Republican Re-elected Porter H. Dale (Republican) 55.1%
Fred C. Martin (Democratic) 44.9%
Washington Wesley L. Jones Republican Lost re-election
Democratic gain
Homer T. Bone (Democratic) 60.6%
Wesley L. Jones (Republican) 32.7%
Wisconsin John J. Blaine Republican Lost renomination
Democratic gain
F. Ryan Duffy (Democratic) 57.0%
John B. Chapple (Republican) 36.2%
Emil Seidel (Socialist) 6.1%

Later election

Date State Incumbent Party Result Candidates
November 7, 1933 Virginia
(Special: Class 1)
Harry F. Byrd Democratic Claude A. Swanson (D) had resigned March 4, 1933 to become U.S. Secretary of the Navy.
Successor was appointed March 4, 1933 to continue the term.
Appointee elected to finish the term ending January 3, 1935.
Democratic hold
Harry F. Byrd (Democratic) 71.31%
Henry A. Wise (Republican) 26.67%
John M. Daniel (Independent) 0.92%
Elizabeth L. Otey (Socialist) 0.68%
Newman H. Raymond (Prohibition) 0.42%[4]

References

See also

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