United States Senate elections, 1798 and 1799

Dates vary by state

11 of the 32 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections) 17 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Party	Federalist	Democratic-Republican
Last election	21 seats	10 seats
Seats before	22	10
Seats won	5	6
Seats after	23	9
Seat change
Seats up	5	6

Majority party before election

Federalist

Elected Majority party

Federalist

The United States Senate elections of 1798 and 1799, occurred during the middle of President John Adams's administration and had no net change in political control of the Senate.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Results summary

Senate Party Division, 6th Congress (1799–1801)

Majority Party: Federalist (22)
Minority Party: Democratic-Republican (9)
Other Parties: 0
Total Seats: 31

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

After the January 19, 1798 election in Delaware.

DR₆ Ran	DR₅ Ran	DR₄	DR₃	DR₂	DR₁
DR₇ Ran	DR₈ Ran	DR₉ Unknown	DR₁₀ Retired	F₂₂ Retired	F₂₁ Retired	F₂₀ Ran	F₁₉ Ran	F₁₈ Ran	F₁₇
Majority →									F₁₇
F₇	F₈	F₉	F₁₀	F₁₁	F₁₂	F₁₃	F₁₄	F₁₅	F₁₆
F₆	F₅	F₄	F₃	F₂	F₁

Results of the elections

DR₆ Re-elected	DR₅ Re-elected	DR₄	DR₃	DR₂	DR₁
DR₇ Re-elected	DR₈ Hold	DR₉ Hold	DR₁₀ Hold	F₂₂ Hold	F₂₁ Hold	F₂₀ Re-elected	F₁₉ Re-elected	F₁₈ Re-elected	F₁₇
Majority →									F₁₇
F₇	F₈	F₉	F₁₀	F₁₁	F₁₂	F₁₃	F₁₄	F₁₅	F₁₆
F₆	F₅	F₄	F₃	F₂	F₁

Beginning of the next Congress

DR₆	DR₅	DR₄	DR₃	DR₂	DR₁
DR₇	DR₈	DR₉	V₁ Died	F₂₂	F₂₁	F₂₀	F₁₉	F₁₈	F₁₇
Majority →									F₁₇
F₇	F₈	F₉	F₁₀	F₁₁	F₁₂	F₁₃	F₁₄	F₁₅	F₁₆
F₆	F₅	F₄	F₃	F₂	F₁

Key:

DR_#	Democratic-Republican
F_#	Federalist
V_#	Vacant

Race summaries

Special elections during the 5th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated before March 4, 1799; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
New York (Class 1)	Philip Schuyler	Federalist	1789 1797	Incumbent resigned January 3, 1798. Winner elected January 11, 1798. Federalist hold. Winner later resigned, see below.	√ John Sloss Hobart (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Delaware (Class 2)	John Vining	Federalist	1792	Incumbent resigned January 19, 1798. Winner elected January 19, 1798. Federalist hold. Winner died August 11, 1798, see below.	√ Joshua Clayton (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New York (Class 1)	William North	Federalist	May 1798 (Appointed)	Predecessor resigned to become Judge of the U.S. District Court of New York. Interim appointee served until winner qualified. Winner elected August 17, 1798. Federalist hold.	√ James Watson (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina (Class 2)	John Hunter	Democratic- Republican	1796 (Special)	Incumbent resigned November 26, 1798. Winner elected December 6, 1798. Democratic-Republican hold. Winner also elected to next term, see below.	√ Charles Pinckney (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Tennessee (Class 1)	Daniel Smith	Democratic- Republican	October 1798 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired when successor qualified. Winner elected December 12, 1798. Winner qualified upon retirement from other Senate seat on March 3, 1799. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Joseph Anderson (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Delaware (Class 2)	Joshua Clayton	Federalist	1798	Died August 11, 1798. Winner elected January 17, 1799. Federalist hold. Winner also elected to next term, see below.	√ William H. Wells (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Races leading to the 6th Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1799; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Delaware	William H. Wells	Federalist	January 1799 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected in 1799.	√ William H. Wells (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia	Josiah Tattnall	Democratic- Republican	1796	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Winner elected in 1799. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Abraham Baldwin (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky	John Brown	Democratic- Republican	1792 (New seat) 1792	Incumbent re-elected in 1799.	√ John Brown (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Massachusetts	Theodore Sedgwick	Federalist	1796	Incumbent retired to run for the U.S. House of Representatives. Winner elected in 1799. Federalist hold.	√ Samuel Dexter (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Hampshire	Samuel Livermore	Federalist	1792	Incumbent re-elected in 1798.	√ Samuel Livermore (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Jersey	Richard Stockton	Federalist	1796	Incumbent retired. Winner elected in 1799. Federalist hold.	√ Jonathan Dayton (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
North Carolina	Alexander Martin	Democratic- Republican	1792	Incumbent lost re-election. Winner elected December 12, 1798.^[1] Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Jesse Franklin (Democratic-Republican) Alexander Martin (Democratic-Republica) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Rhode Island	Ray Greene	Federalist	1797 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected in 1799.	√ Ray Greene (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina	Charles Pinckney	Democratic- Republican	1798	Incumbent re-elected December 6, 1798.	√ Charles Pinckney (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Tennessee	Joseph Anderson	Democratic- Republican	1797 (Special)	Incumbent retired when elected to the Class 1 seat (see above). Winner elected in 1799. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ William Cocke (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Virginia	Henry Tazewell	Democratic- Republican	1794 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected in 1798. Incumbent died January 24, 1799 before the term began.	√ Henry Tazewell (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Special elections during the 6th Congress

In this special election, the winner was seated after March 4, 1799, the beginning of the next Congress.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Virginia (Class 2)				Incumbent Henry Tazewell (DR) had been re-elected in 1798 but died January 24, 1799 before the term began. Winner elected December 5, 1799. Democratic-Republican gain.	√ Wilson C. Nicholas (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

References

Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov

↑ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=273400

United States Senate elections

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