1963 Pacific typhoon season

1963 Pacific typhoon season
Season summary map
First system formed March 25, 1963
Last system dissipated December 28, 1963
Strongest storm1 Judy – 920 hPa (mbar), 280 km/h (175 mph) (1-minute sustained)
Total depressions 36
Total storms 25
Typhoons 19
Super typhoons 8
Total fatalities Unknown
Total damage Unknown
1Strongest storm is determined by lowest pressure
Pacific typhoon seasons
1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965

The 1963 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1963, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.

The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the international date line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1963 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names. This was the first season in which PAGASA assigned local names to typhoons.[1]

Storms

36 tropical depressions formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 25 became tropical storms. 19 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 8 reached super typhoon strength.[2]

Tropical Depression 03W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration March 25 – March 25
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min) 

A brief tropical depression developed north of Papua New Guinea at 00:00 UTC on March 25, and tracked west-northwest before it dissipated later that day. Although the Joint Typhoon Warning Center does not list any maximum sustained wind values in its tracking data,[3] the Mariners Weather Log notes that Tropical Depression 03W briefly attained winds of 55 km/h (35 mph) at its peak before dissipating.[4]

CMA Tropical Depression 1

Tropical depression (JMA)
Duration March 31 – April 6
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)  1001 hPa (mbar)

The China Meteorological Administration (CMA) analyzed the formation of a disturbance near Micronesia on March 30, though no other agencies monitored the system. Tracking westward, the low-pressure area developed further into a tropical depression the following day. The storm turned towards the north on April 1, reaching peak intensity two days later with winds of 55 km/h and a minimum pressure of 1001 mbar (hPa; 29.56 inHg) before slowly weakening. On April 6, the depression degenerated into a remnant area of low pressure; these remnants tracked westward before dissipating early the next day.[5]

Typhoon Olive

Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration April 26 – May 5
Peak intensity 230 km/h (145 mph) (1-min)  920 hPa (mbar)

The low-pressure area that eventually developed into Typhoon Olive first formed approximately 155 km (95 mi) southeast of Truk on April 21,[6] embedded within the larger context of a trough.[2] In its nascent stages, the disturbance tracked slowly west-northwestward toward Woleai; the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) considers the storm to have developed into a tropical depression on April 26,[7] though the JTWC began monitoring Olive as a 75 km/h (45 mph) tropical storm the day after.[8] Olive quickly intensified following tropical cyclogenesis, becoming a typhoon by 12:00 UTC on April 27.[8] Late on April 28, a reconnaissance mission sampled winds of 230 km/h (145 mph) and a minimum barometric pressure of 932 mbar (hPa; 27.52 inHg);[2] from these parameters Olive reached peak intensity at 00:00 UTC on April 29 with a minimum pressure of 920 mbar as computed by the JMA.[7] Olive passed near Guam and Saipan later that day, impacting the latter with winds of 205 km/h (125 mph).[6] As the typhoon receded to more northerly latitudes, it slowly weakened, transitioning into an extratropical cyclone on May 5 before dissipating four days later;[7] maintaining typhoon strength for 8.5 days, Olive remained a typhoon longer than any other storm in 1963.[6]

As Olive neared Guam, then-governor Manuel Guerrero ordered the evacuation of low-lying areas and the opening of shelters at schools, churches, and other locations.[9] Olive caused considerable damage in the Mariana Islands: 95 percent of homes on Saipan sustained extensive damage, with another 5 percent destroyed by the storm. Homes were also damaged on nearby Rota, with the widespread loss of crops; property and agricultural losses were also accrued on Guam and Tinian, where power lines were downed by strong winds and 1,000 people were left homeless.[6] The effects of the typhoon set back Guam's recovery from Typhoon Karen the previous year, damaging homes partially repaired via recovery loans for Karen.[10] Estimated damage from Olive amounted to US$5 million.[6] In the storm's aftermath, deputy high commissioner for the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands Jose Benitez requested the declaration of Tinian and Saipan as disaster areas.[11] On April 30, then-U.S. President John F. Kennedy acknowledged Benitez's request and declared a disaster area for the impacted islands. Kennedy would later allocate US$1.3 million for storm relief in Saipan, Tinian, and Rota.[12] Food and medical supplies were sent from the Caroline and Marshall Islands to the Mariana Islands.[13]

Typhoon Polly (Auring)

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration May 27 – June 5
Peak intensity 130 km/h (80 mph) (1-min)  978 hPa (mbar)

Polly originated from an area of low pressure first detected 145 km (90 mi) north-northwest of Woleai on May 25.[6] The JMA determined that the disturbance developed into a tropical depression on May 27,[14] though the JTWC initiated warnings on the system on May 31.[6] The cyclone gradually strengthened after formation, reaching tropical storm strength on June 1 and typhoon intensity the day after.[14] On June 3, Polly reached peak intensity with sustained winds of 130 km/h (80 mph) and a minimum pressure of 978 mbar (hPa; 28.88 inHg),[15] after which it began to slowly taper off in strength and accelerate northeastward. On June 5, Polly passed 190 km (120 mi) southeast of Tokyo as a low-end typhoon before recurving towards the east-northeast.[6][16] The extratropical remnants of Polly reached the Bering Sea and the coast of Alaska on June 10 before dissipating.[16]

Remaining offshore Japan, Polly's impacts were caused primarily by heavy rainfall. Flooding inundated caused 807 landslides and inundated over 36,000 homes. Another 11 houses and 270 bridges were washed away by the floods. Polly caused an estimated US$138 million in damage to crops, with the total damage figure in excess of US$143 million.[6] Eighteen people were killed and another seventeen were injured;[6] 20,702 others were homeless after Polly's passage.[17]

Tropical Storm Rose (Bebeng)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration June 6 – June 14
Peak intensity 95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min)  992 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Rose began as a tropical depression in the South China Sea on June 6, and tracked southeastward towards Luzon in its early stages.[18] On June 8, the JTWC began issuing warnings on Rose as a tropical storm while the cyclone was just off Luzon's northwestern coast.[6][19] Slow strengthening continued thereafter, with Rose's peaking as a 95 km/h (60 mph) tropical storm as it was tracking across the Ryukyu Islands,[19] though the storm's strongest winds were contained within a narrow rainband near the center.[6] Moving rapidly northeastward, Rose passed over western Honshu as a lower-end tropical storm on June 13,[19] briefly emerging into the Sea of Japan before recurving eastward and transitioning into an extratropical cyclone over northern Honshu on June 14.[18] The remnants of Rose merged with another weak extratropical low off the Japanese coast, and this combined system continued eastward before dissipating over the Bering Sea on June 18.[6]

Typhoon Shirley (Karing)

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration June 12 – June 20
Peak intensity 260 km/h (160 mph) (1-min)  935 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Trix (Diding)

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration June 15 – July 2
Peak intensity 130 km/h (80 mph) (1-min)  984 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Virginia (Etang)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration July 1 – July 9
Peak intensity 95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min)  990 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression Gening

Tropical depression (PAGASA)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration July 11 – July 13
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min) 

Typhoon Wendy (Herming)

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration July 9 – July 20
Peak intensity 250 km/h (155 mph) (1-min)  930 hPa (mbar)

CMA Tropical Depression 09

Tropical depression (CMA)
Duration July 11 – July 13
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)  1002 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Agnes (Ising)

Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration July 15 – July 24
Peak intensity 155 km/h (100 mph) (1-min)  992 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Bess

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration July 25 – August 11
Peak intensity 240 km/h (150 mph) (1-min)  930 hPa (mbar)

On July 27 Tropical Depression 20W formed in the West Pacific. It drifted northward, reaching tropical storm on the 30th before turning to the southwest. Bess turned to the north on August 2, and reached typhoon status early on the 3rd. Bess rapidly intensified to a peak of 150 mph on the 4th, but weakened as it continued northward. On the 9th it struck Japan, and on the 11th Bess became extratropical. At the time, Bess had the longest longevity of a Western Pacific tropical cyclone. Typhoon Bess caused severe damage on the island of Kyūshū. 23 people were killed and 6 were missing.[20]

Tropical Storm 21W

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration July 29 – August 2
Peak intensity 65 km/h (40 mph) (1-min)  997 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Carmen (Luding)

Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration August 8 – August 18
Peak intensity 230 km/h (145 mph) (1-min)  930 hPa (mbar)

CMA Tropical Depression 14

Tropical depression (CMA)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration August 21 – August 23
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)  1001 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Elaine

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration August 23 – August 27
Peak intensity 185 km/h (115 mph) (1-min)  965 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Della

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration August 23 – August 29
Peak intensity 185 km/h (115 mph) (1-min)  975 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression Mameng

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration August 27 – August 28
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min) 

Typhoon Faye (Neneng)

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration August 28 – September 11
Peak intensity 205 km/h (125 mph) (1-min)  960 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Faye struck Hong Kong killing 3 people.[21]

CMA Tropical Depression 17

Tropical depression (CMA)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration August 28 – August 31
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)  997 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 26W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration August 26 – August 26
Peak intensity 45 km/h (30 mph) (1-min) 

CMA Tropical Depression 19

Tropical depression (CMA)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration September 1 – September 2
Peak intensity 45 km/h (30 mph) (10-min)  1002 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Gloria (Oniang)

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration September 3 – September 15
Peak intensity 250 km/h (155 mph) (1-min)  920 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Gloria, which developed on September 5 in the open waters of the West Pacific, rapidly intensified to a peak of 155 mph on the 9th. It weakened as it continued west-northwestward, and hit extreme northeastern Taiwan on the 11th as a 100 mph typhoon. It caused severe flooding in Northern Taiwan and hundreds of casualties. Gloria continued westward, and hit eastern China that night as an 85 mph typhoon. The storm looped over land to the northeast, and dissipated on the 13th to the east of China. Gloria caused 239 casualties, with 89 missing.

Tropical Storm Hester (Pepang)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration September 7 – September 13
Peak intensity 85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min)  998 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Irma

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration September 16 – September 19
Peak intensity 75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min)  1002 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Judy

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration September 27 – October 4
Peak intensity 280 km/h (175 mph) (1-min)  920 hPa (mbar)

CMA Tropical Depression 25

Tropical depression (CMA)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration October 2 – October 3
Peak intensity 45 km/h (30 mph) (10-min)  1005 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Kit (Rosing)

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration October 3 – October 11
Peak intensity 250 km/h (155 mph) (1-min)  930 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Lola

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration October 6 – October 19
Peak intensity 240 km/h (150 mph) (1-min)  943 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Mamie

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration October 13 – October 18
Peak intensity 185 km/h (115 mph) (1-min)  965 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Nina

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration October 18 – October 20
Peak intensity 75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min)  1000 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Ora

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration October 22 – October 30
Peak intensity 150 km/h (90 mph) (1-min)  985 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Phyllis (Sisang)

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration December 8 – December 15
Peak intensity 140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min)  994 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Rita (Trining)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration December 15 – December 19
Peak intensity 75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min)  998 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Susan

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration December 18 – December 28
Peak intensity 250 km/h (155 mph) (1-min)  935 hPa (mbar)

1963 storm names

  • Agnes 18W
  • Bess 20W
  • Carmen 23W
  • Della 25W
  • Elaine 27W
  • Faye 28W
  • Gloria 29W
  • Hester 30W
  • Irma 32W
  • Judy 34W
  • Kit 35W
  • Lola 36W
  • Mamie 37W
  • Nina 38W
  • Ora 39W
  • Phyllis 41W
  • Rita 42W
  • Susan 43W
  • Tess
  • Viola
  • Winnie
  • Alice
  • Betty
  • Cora
  • Doris
  • Elsie
  • Flossie
  • Grace
  • Helen
  • Ida
  • June
  • Kathy
  • Lorna
  • Marie
  • Nancy
  • Olga
  • Pamela
  • Ruby
  • Sally
  • Tilda
  • Violet
  • Wilda
  • Anita
  • Billie
  • Clara
  • Dot
  • Ellen
  • Fran
  • Georgia
  • Hope
  • Iris
  • Joan
  • Kate
  • Louise
  • Marge
  • Nora
  • Opal
  • Patsy
  • Ruth
  • Sarah
  • Thelma
  • Vera
  • Wanda
  • Amy
  • Babe
  • Carla
  • Dinah
  • Emma
  • Freda
  • Gilda
  • Harriet
  • Ivy
  • Jean
  • Kim
  • Lucy
  • Mary
  • Nadine
  • Olive 5W
  • Polly 9W
  • Rose 10W
  • Shirley 11W
  • Trix 12W
  • Virginia 15W
  • Wendy 16W

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://www.philstar.com/headlines/215695/after-%C2%91harurot%C2%92-%C2%91kabayan%C2%92-%C2%91onyok%C2%92-%C2%91pogi%C2%92-coming
  2. 1 2 3 Cassidy, Richard M. (1963). Annual Typhoon Report, 1963 (PDF) (Annual Tropical Cyclone Report). Hagatna, Guam: Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  3. ↑ "1963 03W (1963084N04149)". IBTrACS. Asheville, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Asheville. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  4. ↑ Reichelderfer, F.W.; Hodges, Luther H. (July 1963). Rosendal, Hans E., ed. "Mariners Weather Log July 1963". Mariners Weather Log. Washington, D.C.: United States Weather Bureau. 7 (4): 132.
  5. ↑ "1963 MISSING (1963089N08145)". IBTrACS. Asheville, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Asheville. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 White, Robert M. (1964). "National Summary". Climatological Data. Washington, D.C.: United States Weather Bureau. 14 (13): 70–77. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 July 2016. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  7. 1 2 3 Kitamoto, Asanobu. "Typhoon 196301 (OLIVE) - Detailed Track Information". Digital Typhoon. Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan: National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  8. 1 2 "1963 OLIVE (1963116N08146)". IBTrACS. Asheville, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Asheville. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  9. ↑ "Guam Gets Ready For Typhoon Olive". The Oregon Statesman. 113 (33). Salem, Oregon. Associated Press. 29 April 1963. p. 2. Retrieved 1 July 2016 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ↑ "Typhoon Olive Undoes Repair Work On Guam". Corsicana Daily Sun. 278 (67). Salem, Oregon. Associated Press. 29 April 1963. p. 1,12. Retrieved 1 July 2016 – via Newspapers.com.
  11. ↑ "Typhoon Levels Homes on Saipan". The Corpus Christi Caller-Times. 253 (53). Corpus Christi, Texas. Associated Press. 30 April 1963. p. 2C. Retrieved 1 July 2016 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ↑ "$1.3 Million Allocated For Typhoon Relief". The Corpus Christi Caller-Times. 290 (63). Corpus Christi, Texas. Associated Press. 12 June 1963. p. 7. Retrieved 1 July 2016 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ↑ "$5 Million Damages In Typhoon". Indiana Evening Gazette. 219 (63). Indiana, Pennsylvania. Associated Press. 1 May 1963. p. 12. Retrieved 1 July 2016 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. 1 2 Kitamoto, Asanobu. "Typhoon 196302 (POLLY) - Detailed Track Information". Digital Typhoon. Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan: National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  15. ↑ "1963 POLLY (1963147N12135)". IBTrACS. Asheville, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Asheville. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  16. 1 2 Reichelderfer, F.W.; Hodges, Luther H. (September 1963). Rosendal, Hans E., ed. "Mariners Weather Log September 1963". Mariners Weather Log. Washington, D.C.: United States Weather Bureau. 7 (5): 181–182.
  17. ↑ "Typhoon Toll High". The Spokesman-Review. 81 (23). Spokane, Washington. Reuters. 6 June 1963. p. 8C. Retrieved 1 July 2016 – via Google News Archive.
  18. 1 2 Kitamoto, Asanobu. "Typhoon 196303 (ROSE) - Detailed Track Information". Digital Typhoon. Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan: National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  19. 1 2 3 "1963 ROSE (1963158N20116)". IBTrACS. Asheville, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Asheville. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  20. ↑ Digital Typhoon: Typhoon List (1963)
  21. ↑ Historical Information

External links

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