Tyrosinemia type II

Not to be confused with Hanhart syndrome.
Tyrosinemia type II
Tyrosine
Classification and external resources
ICD-10 E70.2
ICD-9-CM 270.2
OMIM 276600
DiseasesDB 13486
eMedicine ped/2339
MeSH D020176

Tyrosinemia type II (Oculocutaneous tyrosinemia,[1] Richner-Hanhart syndrome[1]:543) is an autosomal recessive condition with onset between ages 2 and 4 years, when painful circumscribed calluses develop on the pressure points of the palm of the hand and sole of the foot.[2]:512

Pathophysiology

Type II tyrosinemia is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme tyrosine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.5), encoded by the gene TAT. Tyrosine aminotransferase is the first in a series of five enzymes that converts tyrosine to smaller molecules, which are excreted by the kidneys or used in reactions that produce energy. This form of the disorder can affect the eyes, skin, and mental development. Symptoms often begin in early childhood and include excessive tearing, abnormal sensitivity to light (photophobia), eye pain and redness, and painful skin lesions on the palms and soles. About half of individuals with type II tyrosinemia are also mentally challenged. Type II tyrosinemia occurs in fewer than 1 in 250,000 individuals.

Pathophysiology of metabolic disorders of tyrosine, resulting in elevated levels of tyrosine in blood.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. (10th ed.). Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
  2. Freedberg, et al. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-138076-0.


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