Thomas P. G. Cholmondeley

The Hon. Thomas Patrick Gilbert Cholmondeley (/ˈtʃʌmli/ CHUM-lee); 19 June 1968 – 17 August 2016)^[1] was a Kenyan farmer. He was the great-grandson of the Lord Delamere, one of the first and most influential British settlers in Kenya,^[2] and was heir to the Delamere title at the time of his death.^[3]

In April 2005, he shot and killed a Kenya Wildlife Service game ranger on his ranch. He claimed self-defence, and the murder case was dropped before going to trial.^[4] In May 2006, he shot and killed a poacher on his Soysambu estate near Lake Naivasha. He was acquitted of murder, but found guilty of manslaughter^[5] and sentenced to serve eight months in prison. He was released on 23 October 2009.^[6]

Early life

Cholmondeley was a great-grandson of The 3rd Baron Delamere (1870–1931), a pioneering settler in Kenya who was the effective "founder" of the White community in that country. Cholmondeley was the only son and heir of The 5th Baron Delamere (b. 1934) and his wife Anne, née Renison. His family is one of the large-scale landowners in Kenya.^[2] He is also a descendant of Sir Robert Walpole, the first Prime Minister of Great Britain.^[7]

After prep school at Pembroke House, in the town of Gilgil, Kenya, and Ashdown House School, in the village of Forest Row in East Sussex, he was educated at Eton College, from where he was expelled for bad behaviour. After school he worked on various farms for his "pupil year", including time working on Kenneth Matiba's farm, Wangu Embori. He attended the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester, 1987–1990, and then worked for the Agricultural Mortgage Corporation in Andover, Great Britain.

Career

Back in Kenya from 1991 Cholmondeley started working for the family farming business and was then involved in many developing projects. He decided against returning to Britain, and stayed to work in Kenya, where he was eventually made finance director of the Delamere beef and dairy farms. The Daily Nation reported that the estate became a no-go area for trespassers and locals. By the 1990s he gained a reputation as an outstanding farmer, conscientious and diligent, he paid high attention to the quality of the land and soil while pursuing a traditional agenda for conservancy. He established a game cropping enterprise on Soysambu Ranch, the vast family estate in Kenya, which ran from 1992–2003, and which employed 15 people as well as building a modern abattoir and cold storage facilities. He was also responsible for the design and layout of the Soysambu Wildlife Sanctuary and the building of Delamere's Camp in 1993, a high-class tourist lodge with a 6,000-acre (24 km²) exclusive sanctuary covering the area around Lake Elmenteita.

Cholmondeley was diligent in the employment of local labour; he employed hundreds of paid workers and others voluntarily assisting in many micro-projects. He was promoted as director of Delamere Estates in 1994, and the following year the chairman of Nakuru Wildlife Conservancy, a position he was elected to twice again. In his attempts to keep poaching to a minimum he was appointed an honourary game warden. In 1996 he introduced the first centre pivot irrigation into Naivasha and eventually the scheme covered over 600 acres (2.4 km²) and provided employment for approximately 500 people. In the same year he organised the reconstruction of the "Delamere Milk Shop" into a petrol station on the outskirts of Naivasha, the A104 highway. This is now a massive concern and Kenya's busiest farm shop. Of note is the constructed wetland to cope with the sewage resulting from over 3000 customers per day.

His energies turned to building the first straw bale building in Gilgil, the location being on the edge of the Otutu forest. He created the leases and design criteria for two further tourist lodges, Mbweha Camp on the edge of Lake Nakuru National Park, and Mawe Mbili lodge. This is part of the greater plan for the Soysambu Conservancy, together with the establishment of two forestry partnerships covering 510 acres (2.1 km²).

While Cholmondeley was conscientious in his farm work, he was hedonistic in his free time - "wild women...rallying-car driving, motorcycling, paragliding". He was 1986 Kenya Novice Motocross Champion. In one episodic adventure he was confronted by a water buffalo that seriously gored his leg leaving a long gash and huge scar. It was in hospital that he met Dr Sally Brewerton of Medecins Sans Frontieres. They married a year later in 1998, and had two sons.^[8]

Shootings

Cholmondeley could be a charming, entertaining cravatted aristocrat but he also was reputed for a fiery temper. Beneath his coolness lurked a sense of entitlement and arrogance. An impassive, dignified mood could quickly turn into rage. On one occasion he was reported to shout to trespassing Masai tribesmen, "Get these fucking things off my land".^[9] He was an imposing character, when cudgel in hand he could wield it above unsuspecting workers. A towering 6ft 6ins frame could be domineering and fiercesome. Known to be eccentric he would patrol the perimeter of his property with a German Luger pistol and American Winchester rifle.^[10]

On 19 April 2005, Cholmondeley shot a game ranger Samson ole Sisina, working undercover for the Kenya Wildlife Service on his ranch in Gilgil division, Nakuru District. He arrived at the slaughterhouse after his ranch employees had summoned his help during what seemed to be a robbery. The accusation was that in 2005 he shot the KWS employee who was dressed in plain clothes, but insisted it was in self-defense as the ranger had shot at him first without warning. However, a witness account says the victim was shot in the back. The Attorney General Amos Wako discontinued the case by issuing a nolle prosequi. This decision was widely criticised by Kenyan media and public, with many claiming he walked free due to the influence of class and position. There was a public outcry in Nairobi, and from Masai who wanted to occupy Delamere land. Nick Maes a Sunday Telegraph reporter years later found a complex man challenged by changing Kenyan conditions, rising criminality in the countryside, and mounting criticism of white ownership in Kenya generally.

On 10 May 2006, he was taken again into custody for the killing of Robert Njoya Mbugua, a Kikuyu tribesman, looking for food for his family, whom he had discovered on his land with three companions and a pack of dogs, carrying the caracass of an antelope they had killed on the estate. Cholmondeley told police he had shot at the poachers dogs, - standard practice under Kenya Wildlife Service guidelines - killing two of them, and that he had not intended to shoot Mr Njoya, whom he saw lying wounded in the hedgerow. The dead man's companions disputed that version of events. But what was undisputed Cholmondeley applied a tourniquet to the bleeding man and shouted for a car to hospital as well as calling the police.

He was held in detention - the only white man out of 3,600 inmates - at the Kamiti Maximum Security Prison after the incident and during the ongoing court proceedings in a tiny cell in the prison outside Nairobi, "like living inside a greasy saucepan infested with rats and cockroaches."^[11] Cholmondeley was divorced but a girlfriend, jeweller Sally Dudmesh, visited him in prison every week.

The trial began 25 September 2006.^[12] An interlocutory appeal on a question of procedural law was decided on 13 June 2008. He won an appeal to uphold his right to a fair trial.^[13] In March 2009, lay assessors in his trial found him not guilty.^[14] On 7 May 2009, Judge Muga Apondi, sitting as a single judge and not bound by the lay assessors' verdict, acquitted Cholmondeley of murder but found him guilty of the lesser offence of manslaughter.^[3]

The verdict of April 2009 was largely based on the evidence by rally driver Carl Tundo, who had accompanied his friend Cholmondeley to the scene. On 14 May 2009 Cholmondeley was sentenced to serve a further eight months in prison. Apondi said he was imposing a "light" sentence given that he had been imprisoned for three years already, and had tried to help Njoya with first aid and transport to hospital.^[15] Cholmondeley was released early for good behaviour in October 2009 after serving five months of his eight-month prison sentence.^[6]

In an interview he expressed his opinions:

“

I've been portrayed as this great monster who goes round shooting black men for sport when my whole life I've striven to move away from racist behaviour ....The problem is I'm a very easy target. I'm a white man, toffee nosed, titled and, on top of that, a white man in Africa...you know these are really bad things.

”

^[16]

While murder carries a mandatory death sentence, manslaughter has a statutory maximum of life imprisonment but with no mandatory minimum sentence under Kenyan law.^[17]

BBC Four's Storyville series featured the Cholmondeley trial in an episode titled "Last White Man Standing".^[18]

Personal life

In 1997, he was gored by a buffalo while walking to a launching site for paragliding in the Masai Mara.

He married on 16 May 1998, Dr. Sally A. Brewerton, daughter of Derrick Brewerton. They had two sons but later divorced.^[19]

He had been a keen motor sportsman and was Kenya Novice Motocross champion in 1986 and runner-up in the Kenya enduro championship in 2000. In addition he held a private pilot's licence PPL since 2000 and flew in Kenya, Britain, France, Germany, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Mozambique.

Cholmondeley died of cardiac arrest on Wednesday 17 August 2016 while undergoing hip surgery at MP Shah Hospital Nairobi.^[20]

He is survived by his sons, Hugh (b.1998) (now heir apparent of the Delamere barony) and Henry (b.2000).

See also

• Whites in Kenya
• Peter Poole (1932–1960), white Kenyan executed for murder

Notes

References

• Debrett, John, Charles Kidd, David Williamson. (1990). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage. New York: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-333-38847-1
• Hayden, Joseph. (1851). The book of dignities: containing rolls of the official personages of the British Empire. London: Longmans, Brown, Green, and Longmans. OCLC 2359133
• Wright, Rupert "The Kennedys of Kenya," The Spectator (London). 11 April 1998.
• Seal, Mark "Mark Seal on Tom Cholmondeley" "Vanity Fair"

External links

• : Justice for Tom, Information and support website