Sulfur chloride pentafluoride

Sulfur chloride pentafluoride
Skeletal formula of sulfur chloride pentafluoride
Ball-and-stick model of the sulfur chloride pentafluoride molecule
Names
Other names
Pentafluorochlorosulfanyl
Identifiers
13780-57-9 N
ChemSpider 109933 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.034.014
PubChem 123330
Properties
SClF
5
Molar mass 162.510 g mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Density 6.642 g dm−3
Melting point −64 °C (−83 °F; 209 K)
Boiling point −19 °C (−2 °F; 254 K)
Hazards
Main hazards Toxic
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Sulfur chloride pentafluoride is an inorganic compound with the formula SF
5
Cl
. It exists as a colorless gas at room temperature and is highly toxic, like most inorganic compounds containing the pentafluorosulfide (SF5) functional group.[1] The compound adopts an octahedral geometry with C
4v
symmetry. Sulfur chloride pentafluoride is the only commercially available reagent for adding the SF
5
group to organic compounds.[2]

Reactivity

In contrast to the high reactivity and toxicity of SF
5
Cl
, sulfur hexafluoride (SF
6
), is inert and nontoxic despite having a closely related chemical formula. This difference highlights the lability of the S-Cl bond in this molecule.

Under free-radical conditions, SF
5
Cl
adds across double bonds. The following reaction involves the reaction of propene:

CH
3
CHCH
2
+ SF
5
Cl
→ CH3CH(Cl)CH2SF5

The addition reaction is catalyzed by Et
3
B
at around -30 °C. SF
5
Br
is used similarly.[2]

SF
5
Cl
is also a precursor to O(SF5)2 and F2NSF5 (from tetrafluorohydrazine).

Synthesis

Sulfur chloropentafluoride can be synthesized by several routes, starting from two lower sulfur fluorides, sulfur tetrafluoride and disulfur decafluoride:[1]

SF
4
+ Cl
2
+ CsFSF
5
Cl
+ CsCl
ClF + SF
4
SF
5
Cl
S
2
F
10
+ Cl
2
→ 2 SF
5
Cl

References

  1. 1 2 Nyman, F., Roberts, H. L., Seaton, T. "Sulfur Chloride Pentafluoride" Inorganic Syntheses, 1966, Volume 8, p. 160. doi:10.1002/9780470132395.ch42
  2. 1 2 Dolbier, William R.; et al. (2006). "A convenient and efficient method for incorporation of pentafluorosulfanyl (SF5) substituents into aliphatic compounds". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 127: 1302–10. doi:10.1016/j.jfluchem.2006.05.003.
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