Stephanospora

Stephanospora
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Russulales
Family: Stephanosporaceae
Genus: Stephanospora
Pat. (1914)
Type species
Stephanospora caroticolor
(Berk.) Pat. (1914)

Stephanospora is a genus of gasteroid fungi in the family Stephanosporaceae (order: Russulales). As of September 2015, Index Fungorum lists six species in the genus;[1] nine new Australasian species were described in 2014 from collections previously thought to represent S. flava.[2]

Taxonomy

Stephanospora was circumscribed by French mycologist Narcisse Théophile Patouillard in 1914 with S. caroticolor (formerly classified as a species of Hydnangium) as the type species.[3]

Species

Natural compounds

The "carrot truffle", Stephanospora caroticolor, contains the compound stephanosporin, a 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol precursor. The compound, which gives the fruitbody its orange colour, converts to the toxic 2-chloro-4-nitrophenolate when the fruitbody is injured.[7]

References

  1. Kirk PM. "Species Fungorum (version 18th March 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life". Retrieved 2015-09-16.
  2. Lebel T, Castellano MA, Beever RE (2014). "Cryptic diversity in the sequestrate genus Stephanospora (Stephanosporaceae: Agaricales) in Australasia". Fungal Biology. 119 (4): 201–228. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2014.12.007. PMID 25813509.
  3. Patouillard NT. (1914). "Quelques Champignons du Congo". Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France (in French). 30 (3): 336–346.
  4. Vidal JM. (2005). "The genus Stephanospora Pat., two new combinations" (PDF). Revista Catalana de Micologia. 26: 97–111.
  5. Pegler DN, Young TWK (1953). "The gasteroid Russulales". Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 72 (3): 353–388 (see p. 383). doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(79)80143-6.
  6. Corner EJH, Hawker LE (1953). "Hypogeous fungi from Malaya". Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 36 (2): 125–137 (see p. 130). doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(53)80057-4.
  7. Lang M, Spiteller P, Hellwig V, Steglich W (2001). "Stephanosporin, a "traceless" precursor of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol in the gasteromycete Stephanospora caroticolor". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 40 (9): 1704–1705. doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20010504)40:9<1704::AID-ANIE17040>3.0.CO;2-L. PMID 11353486.


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