Sodium butyrate

Sodium butyrate
Names
IUPAC name
Sodium butanoate
Other names
Sodium butyrate
Identifiers
156-54-7 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:64103 N
ChEMBL ChEMBL62381 N
ChemSpider 8727 N
ECHA InfoCard 100.005.326
PubChem 5222465
Properties
C4H7NaO2
Molar mass 110.09 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Sodium butyrate is a compound with formula Na(C3H7COO). It is the sodium salt of butyric acid. It has various effects on cultured mammalian cells including inhibition of proliferation, induction of differentiation and induction or repression of gene expression.[1] As such, it can be used in lab to bring about any of these effects. Specifically, butyrate treatment of cells results in histone hyperacetylation, and butyrate itself inhibits class I histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity,[2] specifically HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC8. Butyrate has been an essential vehicle for determining the role of histone acetylation in chromatin structure and function. Inhibition of HDAC activity is estimated to affect the expression of only 2% of mammalian genes.[3]

In the lab, sodium butyrate is usually found as a white, water-soluble, crystalline solid. The chemical is notable for having a very strong, unpleasant smell that lingers.[4] When working with sodium butyrate, gloves, eye protection and respiratory masks are advised for safety purposes.[5]

The compound is found in human diet, notably produced in large amounts from dietary fiber in the gut and present in Parmesan cheese and butter.[6]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Kruh, Jacques (1981). "Effects of sodium butyrate, a new pharmacological agent, on cells in culture". Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 42 (2): 65–82. doi:10.1007/BF00222695. PMID 6174854.
  2. ↑ Candido, E; Reeves, Raymond; Davie, James R. (1978). "Sodium butyrate inhibits histone deacetylation in cultured cells". Cell. 14 (1): 105–13. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(78)90305-7. PMID 667927.
  3. ↑ Davie, James R. (2003). "Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase Activity by Butyrate". The Journal of Nutrition. 133 (7 Suppl): 2485S–2493S. PMID 12840228.
  4. ↑ "Sodium butanoate | 156-54-7". www.chemicalbook.com. Retrieved 2016-05-31.
  5. ↑ "Sodium butyrate ≥98.5% (GC) | Sigma-Aldrich". www.sigmaaldrich.com. Retrieved 2016-05-31.
  6. ↑ http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/61/4/797

Further reading

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