SSX4 (gene)
Protein SSX4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSX4 gene.[3]
The product of this gene belongs to the family of highly homologous synovial sarcoma X (SSX) breakpoint proteins. These proteins may function as transcriptional repressors. They are also capable of eliciting spontaneously humoral and cellular immune responses in cancer patients, and are potentially useful targets in cancer vaccine-based immunotherapy. SSX1, SSX2 and SSX4 genes have been involved in the t(X;18) translocation characteristically found in all synovial sarcomas. This translocation results in the fusion of the synovial sarcoma translocation gene on chromosome 18 to one of the SSX genes on chromosome X. Chromosome Xp11 contains a segmental duplication resulting in two identical copies of synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 4, SSX4 and SSX4B, in tail-to-tail orientation. This gene, SSX4, represents the more telomeric copy. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.[3]
References
Further reading
- dos Santos NR, de Bruijn DR, van Kessel AG (2001). "Molecular mechanisms underlying human synovial sarcoma development.". Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 30 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1002/1098-2264(2000)9999:9999<::AID-GCC1056>3.0.CO;2-G. PMID 11107170.
- Gure AO, Türeci O, Sahin U, et al. (1997). "SSX: a multigene family with several members transcribed in normal testis and human cancer.". Int. J. Cancer. 72 (6): 965–71. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19970917)72:6<965::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-N. PMID 9378559.
- Skytting B, Nilsson G, Brodin B, et al. (1999). "A novel fusion gene, SYT-SSX4, in synovial sarcoma.". J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 91 (11): 974–5. doi:10.1093/jnci/91.11.974. PMID 10359553.
- Chen CH, Chen GJ, Lee HS, et al. (2001). "Expressions of cancer-testis antigens in human hepatocellular carcinomas.". Cancer Lett. 164 (2): 189–95. doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(01)00379-2. PMID 11179834.
- Brodin B, Haslam K, Yang K, et al. (2001). "Cloning and characterization of spliced fusion transcript variants of synovial sarcoma: SYT/SSX4, SYT/SSX4v, and SYT/SSX2v. Possible regulatory role of the fusion gene product in wild type SYT expression.". Gene. 268 (1-2): 173–82. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00412-7. PMID 11368913.
- Panagopoulos I, Mertens F, Isaksson M, et al. (2001). "Clinical impact of molecular and cytogenetic findings in synovial sarcoma.". Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 31 (4): 362–72. doi:10.1002/gcc.1155. PMID 11433527.
- de Bruijn DR, dos Santos NR, Kater-Baats E, et al. (2002). "The cancer-related protein SSX2 interacts with the human homologue of a Ras-like GTPase interactor, RAB3IP, and a novel nuclear protein, SSX2IP.". Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 34 (3): 285–98. doi:10.1002/gcc.10073. PMID 12007189.
- Yang K, Lui WO, Xie Y, et al. (2002). "Co-existence of SYT-SSX1 and SYT-SSX2 fusions in synovial sarcomas.". Oncogene. 21 (26): 4181–90. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205569. PMID 12037676.
- Güre AO, Wei IJ, Old LJ, Chen YT (2002). "The SSX gene family: characterization of 9 complete genes.". Int. J. Cancer. 101 (5): 448–53. doi:10.1002/ijc.10634. PMID 12216073.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241
. PMID 12477932.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, et al. (2005). "The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome.". Nature. 434 (7031): 325–37. doi:10.1038/nature03440. PMC 2665286. PMID 15772651.
- Ayyoub M, Merlo A, Hesdorffer CS, et al. (2005). "CD4+ T cell responses to SSX-4 in melanoma patients.". J. Immunol. 174 (8): 5092–9. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.174.8.5092. PMID 15814740.
- Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network.". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.