Professional mourning
Professional mourning or paid mourning is a mostly historical occupation practiced in Mediterranean and Near Eastern cultures, and many other parts of the world.[1][2][3] Professional mourners, also called moirologists,[4] are compensated to lament or deliver a eulogy.
Mentioned in the Bible,[5] the occupation is widely invoked in literature, from the Ugaritic epics of early centuries BC to modern poetry. Held in high esteem in some cultures and times, the practice was vilified in others.
Female professional mourners also, called Rudaali, were common in many parts of India, especially in the Western Indian state of Rajasthan. These women were usually from the lower castes and would be hired by the upper castes on the death of a family member.
In popular culture
Films
- The Indian film Rudaali (1993), directed by Kalpana Lajmi and set in Rajasthan, is about the life of a professional mourner, or Rudaali.[6]
- The short documentary Tabaki (2001), directed by Bahman Kiarostami, follows the lives of "mourners for hire".[7]
Literature
- In Honoré de Balzac's landmark novel Le Père Goriot (1835), the title character's funeral is attended by two professional mourners rather than his daughters.[8]
See also
- Claque, an organized body of professional applauders in France
- Grief
- Keening, a form of vocal lament associated with mourning that is traditional in Ireland, Scotland, and other cultures.
- Placebo (at funeral), someone who came to a funeral, claiming (often falsely) a connection with the deceased to try to get a share of any food and/or drink being handed out
References
- ↑ Anonymous (March 21, 2016). "I'm Paid To Mourn At Funerals (And It's A Growing Industry)". Cracked. London, UK.
- ↑ Locker, Melissa (April 4, 2013). "Want To Look More Popular? Rent-A-Mourner Will Send People to Your Funeral". TIME.
- ↑ New, Catherine (March 27, 2013). "'Rent A Mourner' Helps You Look More Popular At Your Funeral". Huffington Post.
- ↑ "A.Word.A.Day, Moirologist". Wordsmith. Retrieved 2015-05-30.
- ↑ "Mourning: Hired Mourners". Bible Hub.
- ↑ "Rudaali". University of Iowa. Retrieved 2014-09-01.
- ↑ "Tabaki". IMDB. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ↑ Balzac, Honoré de. Father Goriot. (The Works of Honoré de Balzac. Vol. XIII.) Philadelphia: Avil Publishing Company, 1901.
- Footnote 1 in Sabar, Y. (1976). "Lel-Huza: Story and History in a Cycle of Lamentations for the Ninth of Ab in the Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Zakho, Iraqi Kurdistan." Journal of Semitic Studies (21) 138-162.
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