Prevotella
| Prevotellaceae | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Bacteroidetes |
| Class: | Bacteroidetes |
| Order: | Bacteroidales |
| Family: | Prevotellaceae |
| Genus: | Prevotella |
Prevotella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria.
Bacteroides melaninogenicus has been reclassified and split into Prevotella melaninogenica and Prevotella intermedia.[1]
Prevotella spp. are members of the oral and vaginal flora, and are recovered from anaerobic infections of the respiratory tract. These infections include aspiration pneumonia, lung abscess, pulmonary empyema, and chronic otitis media and sinusitis. They have been isolated from abscesses and burns in the vicinity of the mouth, bites, paronychia, urinary tract infection, brain abscesses, osteomyelitis, and bacteremia associated with upper respiratory tract infections. Prevotella spp. predominate in periodontal disease and periodontal abscesses.[2]
In a study of gut bacteria of children in Burkina Faso (in Africa), Prevotella made up 53% of the gut bacteria, but were absent in age-matched European children.[3] Studies also indicate that long-term diet is strongly associated with the gut microbiome composition—those who eat plenty of protein and animal fats typical of Western diet have predominantly Bacteroides bacteria, while for those who consume more carbohydrates, especially fibre, the Prevotella species dominate.[4]
P. copri is possibly connected to rheumatoid arthritis.[5]
A recent study on Prevotella derived from humans compared the gene repertoires of its species derived from different body sites of human. It also reported an open pan- genome showing vast diversity of gene pool.[6]
An overgrowth of Prevotella and a reduction of Lactobacillus have been correlated with the onset of Osteomyelitis in mice. The reduction of Prevotella in model mice led to an increase of Lactobacillus showing a protection effect against osteomyelitis. Thus, changes in the microbiota Prevotella may be related to the development of osteomyelitis.[7]
Species
- Prevotella albensis
- Prevotella amnii
- Prevotella bergensis
- Prevotella bivia
- Prevotella brevis
- Prevotella bryantii
- Prevotella buccae
- Prevotella buccalis
- Prevotella copri
- Prevotella dentalis
- Prevotella denticola
- Prevotella disiens
- Prevotella histicola
- Prevotella intermedia
- Prevotella maculosa
- Prevotella marshii
- Prevotella melaninogenica
- Prevotella micans
- Prevotella multiformis
- Prevotella nigrescens
- Prevotella oralis
- Prevotella oris
- Prevotella oulorum
- Prevotella pallens
- Prevotella salivae
- Prevotella stercorea
- Prevotella tannerae
- Prevotella timonensis
- Prevotella veroralis
References
- ↑ "Bacteroides Infection: Overview - eMedicine". Retrieved 2008-12-11.
- ↑ Tanaka S, Yoshida M, Murakami Y, et al. (2008). "The relationship of Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens and Prevotella melaninogenica in the supragingival plaque of children, caries and oral malodor". J Clin Pediatr Dent. 32 (3): 195–200. doi:10.17796/jcpd.32.3.vp657177815618l1. PMID 18524268.
- ↑ De Filippo, C.; Cavalieri, D.; Di Paola, M.; Ramazzotti, M.; Poullet, J. B.; Massart, S.; Collini, S.; Pieraccini, G.; Lionetti, P. (2010). "Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed by a comparative study in children from Europe and rural Africa". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107 (33): 14691–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.1005963107. PMC 2930426
. PMID 20679230. - ↑ Wu GD, Chen J, Hoffmann C, Bittinger K, Chen YY, Keilbaugh SA, Bewtra M, Knights D, Walters WA, Knight R, Sinha R, Gilroy E, Gupta K, Baldassano R, Nessel L, Li H, Bushman FD, Lewis JD (October 7, 2011). "Linking long-term dietary patterns with gut microbial enterotypes". Science. 334 (6052): 105–8. doi:10.1126/science.1208344. PMC 3368382. PMID 21885731.
- ↑ Jose U Scher, Andrew Sczesnak, Randy S Longman, Nicola Segata, Carles Ubeda, Craig Bielski, Tim Rostron, Vincenzo Cerundolo, Eric G Pamer, Steven B Abramson, Curtis Huttenhower, Dan R Littman; Sczesnak; Longman; Segata; Ubeda; Bielski; Rostron; Cerundolo; Pamer; Abramson; Huttenhower; Littman (November 5, 2013). "Expansion of intestinal Prevotella copri correlates with enhanced susceptibility to arthritis". ELife. 2: e01202. doi:10.7554/eLife.01202. PMC 3816614. PMID 24192039.
- ↑ Vinod Kumar Gupta; Narendrakumar M Chaudhari; Suchismitha Iskepalli; Chitra Dutta (March 5, 2015). "Divergences in gene repertoire among the reference Prevotella genomes derived from distinct body sites of human". BMC Genomics. 16:153: 153. doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1350-6. PMC 4359502. PMID 25887946.
- ↑ Lukens, John R.; Gurung, Prajwal; Vogel, Peter; Johnson, Gordon R.; Carter, Robert A.; McGoldrick, Daniel J.; Bandi, Srinivasa Rao; Calabrese, Christopher R.; Walle, Lieselotte Vande (2014-12-11). "Dietary modulation of the microbiome affects autoinflammatory disease". Nature. 516 (7530): 246–249. doi:10.1038/nature13788. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 4268032. PMID 25274309.