Poloniny National Park

Poloniny
National Park
A typical polonina meadow
Symbol
Official name: Národný park Poloniny
Named for: typical poloniny meadows
Country Slovakia
Region Prešov
District Snina
Highest point near mount Kremenec
 - elevation 1,208 m (3,963 ft)
 - coordinates 49°05′17″N 22°34′01″E / 49.08806°N 22.56694°E / 49.08806; 22.56694
Area 29,805 ha (73,650 acres)
 - buffer zone 10,973 ha (27,115 acres)
Biomes forests (80%), meadows
Founded 1 October 1997
Management Správa NP Poloniny
 - location Stakčín
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Name Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians
Year 2007 (#31)
Number 1133
Criteria ix
Location in Slovakia
Location in the Prešov Region (core zone in darker green, buffer zone in lighter green)
Website: www.sopsr.sk/nppoloniny/

Poloniny National Park (Slovak: Národný park Poloniny) is a national park in northeastern Slovakia at the Polish and Ukrainian borders, in the Bukovské vrchy mountain range, which belongs to the Eastern Carpathians. It was created on 1 October 1997 with a protected area of 298.05 km2 (115.08 sq mi) and a buffer zone of 109.73 km2 (42.37 sq mi). Selected areas of the park are included into Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Location

The park is located in the Snina District in the Prešov Region. It is adjacent to the Bieszczady National Park in Poland, together they are part of the East Carpathian Biosphere Reserve. The highest point lies at 1,208 m (3,963 ft) AMSL on a point where the borders of Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine meet, near the summit of the mount Kremenec. National Park is the easternmost and the least populated area of the country. Hiking trails starts from several villages, most notably Nová Sedlica but also from Runina, Topoľa and Uličské Krivé.

Biology and ecology

Forests cover about 80% of the area; beech and beech-fir forests are dominant. The National Park has the highest concentration of old growth forests in Slovakia, which are protected by national nature reserves. Meadows, called poloniny in Eastern Slovak dialects, situated on the main ridge of the Bukovské vrchy mountain range are common.

European bison

Many species found in the park are endemic and rare. Altogether, 800 fungi and 100 lichens are native to Poloniny. The Poloniny National Park contains about 5,981 known species of invertebrates (for example, 91 molluscs, 1,472 true bugs, 819 butterflies, and 403 spiders) and 294 vertebrates. Vertebrates divide into 13 amphibians, 8 reptiles, 198 birds, 55 mammals, including the Eurasian lynx, bear, and others. About 1,000 species of vascular plants have been found in the park. Many of them are endangered and protected. Small herd of wisent (Bison Bonasus) was reintroduced in the area in 2004.

Tourism

Wooden church in Topoľa

National Park is open to the public all year with winter (cross-country skiing) as well as summer hiking trails. Besides several mountain trails there is also one connecting outstanding wooden churches from the 18th century in Topoľa, Uličské Krivé, and Ruský Potok.

World Heritage Site

Forest in Stuzica

The primeval beech forests of Havešová, Stužica, and Rožok (all three areas being in the Bukovské vrchy) were proclaimed by the UNESCO to be a World Heritage Site on June 28, 2007 because of their comprehensive and undisturbed ecological patterns and processes.[1] Together with another Slovak site in Vihorlat and additional six in Ukraine they form Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians. In order to protect the extraordinary value of these forests, only one of them, namely Stužica, is accessible to public.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "World Heritage Committee inscribes two natural, one mixed, and four cultural sites onto UNESCO's World Heritage List". UNESCO Press Release N°2007-79. June 28, 2007. Retrieved January 29, 2008.


Coordinates: 49°02′42″N 22°25′30″E / 49.04500°N 22.42500°E / 49.04500; 22.42500

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