Pollan (fish)

Pollan
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Salmoniformes
Family: Salmonidae
Subfamily: Coregoninae
Species: C. pollan
Binomial name
Coregonus pollan
W. Thompson, 1835
Synonyms
  • Coregonus autumnalis pollan Thompson, 1835
  • Coregonus elegans Thompson, 1839
  • Coregonus altior Regan, 1908 [1]

The pollan[2] or Irish pollan[1] (Coregonus pollan[1] or Coregonus autumnalis[2]) is a freshwater whitefish known only from five Irish lakes, Lough Neagh, Lower Lough Erne, Lough Ree, Lough Derg, and Lough Allen.

Conservation status

The pollan populations are threatened by ecosystem changes such as eutrophication and increases in introduced species, including pike, roach, and zebra mussel.[3] Only the population of Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland remains abundant and supports a small fish commercial fishery. The other UK population in Lough Erne has severely declined.[3] The Lough Allen population was only confirmed for the first time in 2006.[4] Other populations rely on stocking for their survival.[5]

Classification

In scientific literature and national biodiversity and conservation assessments, the Irish pollan are usually classified within the species Coregonus autumnalis. That is a widespread anadromous whitefish which inhabits coastal waters and rivers of Arctic Siberia, Alaska, and Canada and is there known as the Arctic cisco or Siberian omul.[2][4][6][7] C. autumnalis is not distributed elsewhere in northwestern Europe, and the pollan are often given a status of subspecies as Coregonus autumnalis pollan.[3][8] These classifications are based on the close genetic similarity of the Arctic and Irish whitefish populations.[9][10][11] By IUCN and in the FishBase, the Irish pollan is, however, listed as a distinct fish species Coregonus pollan.[5][1]

Unlike its Arctic relatives, the Irish pollan does not migrate to the sea.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2016). "Coregonus pollan" in FishBase. April 2016 version.
  2. 1 2 3 Pollan IFI Inland Fisheries Ireland (accessed 1 June 2015)
  3. 1 2 3 Ferguson, A: North Ireland Priority Species: Coregonus autumnalis pollan – Pollan habitats.org.uk (read April 2010)
  4. 1 2 Harrison, A.J., Kelly, F.L., Rosell, R.S., Champ, T.W.S., Connor, L. and Girvan, J.R. (2010) First record and initial hydroacoustic stock assessment of pollan Coregonus autumnalis Pallas in Lough Allen, Ireland. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 110B, 69-74.
  5. 1 2 Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M. (2008) Coregonus pollan IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. Downloaded 25 April 2010.
  6. ↑ All-Ireland Species Action Plan: Pollan (Coregonus autumnalis) North Ireland Environmental Agency 2006
  7. ↑ National action plan - Coregonus autumnalis (Pollan) UK Biodiversity Action Reporting System. (read April 2010)
  8. ↑ Andrew J. Harrison, Lynda Connor, Emma Morrissey and Fiona Kelly (2012) Current status of pollan Coregonus autumnalis pollan in Lough Ree, Ireland. Biology and Environment: Proc. Royal Irish Academy 112B, 1-9 DOI: 10.3318/BIOE.2012.09
  9. ↑ Ferguson, A., Himberg, K.-J.M., & Svärdson, G. (1978). Systematics of the Irish pollan (Coregonus pollan Thompson): an electrophoretic comparison with other Holarctic Coregoninae. Journal of Fish Biology 12, 221-233.
  10. ↑ Bodaly, R.A., Vuorinen, D.A., Ward, R.D., Luczynski, M., & Reist, J.D. (1991). Genetic comparisons of the New and Old World coregonid fishes. Journal of Fish Biology 38, 37-51.
  11. ↑ Politov, D.V., Gordon, N.Y., & Makhrov, A.A. (2002). Genetic identification and taxonomic relationships of six Siberian species of Coregonus. Archiv für Hydrobiologie: Special Issues Advances in Limnology 57, 21-34.
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