List of political parties in Mexico
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This article lists political parties in Mexico.
Mexico has a multi-party system, which means that there are more than three dominant political parties.
Nationally, there are three large political parties that dominate: the PRI, the PAN, and the PRD. Other smaller political parties survive in isolation or by forming local coalitions with any of the big three.
National parties
As of 2011, Mexico has seven nationally recognized political parties by the Federal Electoral Institute. National recognition was given to those parties that secured representation in Congress (effectively, a share of the popular vote greater than 2%). Under Mexican law, parties are listed in the order in which they were first registered, thus:
- National Action Party (Partido Acción Nacional, PAN) – a right of center party, member of Christian Democracy. It has been, but is no longer, the largest party in the Senate.
- Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional, PRI) – the dominating party, under different names, at the municipal, state, and national levels for most of the 20th century. It is currently the dominant party in the Chamber of Deputies and at the municipal and state level, and took primacy in the 2012 senatorial elections as well. A part of the Socialist International, it is now considered as a centrist party, with prominent members leaning from both the left and right, and supports a policy of mixed economy and nationalized industries, both of which are longstanding Mexican practices. This is the political party of Incumbent President Peña Nieto as of the July 1, 2012 Elections.[1]
- Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolución Democrática, PRD) – a left of center party. Born as "National Democratic Front", a joint effort from a splinter group of the PRI and several forces from the left, in the 1988 elections. Its first candidate and founder, Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, lost the 1988 presidential election under dubious circumstances, which eventually helped the party consolidate itself. It has long controlled the Federal District.
- Labor Party (Partido del Trabajo, PT) – a laborist political party formed in 1990. It is often allied with the PRD for electoral purposes.
- Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (Partido Verde Ecologista de México, PVEM) – a minor party with an environmental platform. This party allied with the PAN to elect the first non-PRI president in almost seven decades. Since then it has mostly allied with the PRI.
- Citizens' Movement (Movimiento Ciudadano, MC: formerly known as Convergencia and Convergencia por la Democracia) – a social democratic party, formed in 1997.
- New Alliance (Nueva Alianza, PANAL) – originally created by academics of the Autonomous Technical Institute of Mexico and members of the National Educational Workers Union, the largest union in Latin America. It was established on July 14, 2005.
- National Regeneration Movement (Movimiento de Regeneración Nacional, MORENA) – a left-wing nationalism party, formed in 2011, and proclaimed as national party in 2014.
- Humanist Party (Partido Humanista, PH) – a humanist party, formed in 2014.
- Social Encounter Party (Partido Encuentro Social, PES) – a right-wing and social conservative party, formed in 2006, and proclaimed as national party in 2014.
In terms of their congressional representation and share of the national vote, only PRI, PAN and the PRD can be considered major parties.
Other political parties
- National Synarchist Union
- ([Autonomous Region Party)] ("Unification of the northeast")
- Socialist Convergence (Mexico) (Convergencia Socialista - CS)
- Workers' Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario de los y las Trabajadores)
Local parties
Local parties are registered with the Electoral Institute of each Mexican state according to their own criteria and regulations, which may differ from those of INE but maintaining a national relation due to the highest court in the law of political parties, the SCJN. This list is complete as of 2006.
- Colima Democratic Association (Asociación Democrática de Colima, Colima)
- Alliance for Yucatan Party (Partido Alianza por Yucatán, Yucatán)
- Coahuila First (Primero Coahuila, Coahuila)[2]
- Social Democratic Party of Coahuila (Social Demócrata de Coahuila, Coahuila)[3]
- Progressive Party of Coahuila (Partido Progresista de Coahuila, Coahuila)
Former parties
During the 19th century the two most important parties were the Liberals (Liberales) and the Conservatives (Conservadores).
- Mexican Conservative Party (1849–1867)
- Mexican Liberal Party (1905–1918)
- Progressive Constitutionalist Party (1910–1929) Merged into National Revolutionary Party
- Laborist Party (1919–1929)
- Mexican Communist Party (1919–1989)
- Revolutionary Party of National Unification (1939–1940)
- Popular Force Party (1945–1948)
- Federation of Parties of the People (1945–1954)
- Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution (1954–2000)
- Mexican Democratic Party (1979–1997)
- Mexican Workers' Party (1984–1987)
- Mexican Socialist Party (1987–1989)
- Cardenist Front of National Reconstruction (1987–1997)
- Party of the Nationalist Society (1998–2003)
- Social Democracy (1999–2000)
- Citizen Force Party (2002–2003)
- Mexican Liberal Party (2003) (2002–2003)
- Social Democratic Party (2005–2009)
- México Posible
- Party of the Democratic Centre
- Popular Socialist Party (1948–present)
- Social Alliance Party
- Socialist Workers Party
- Unified Socialist Party of Mexico
- Workers Party of Acapulco (Guerrero)
- Workers' Revolutionary Party
See also
- National political association
- Liberalism in Mexico
- Politics of Mexico
- List of political parties by country
References
- ↑ Weissenstien, Michael (31 August 2012). "Mexico Election: Authority Declares Official Winner". HuffPost World. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- ↑ http://www.vanguardia.com.mx/participaranenelecciones2011nuevospartidosdecoahuila-586165.html
- ↑ http://www.vanguardia.com.mx/participaranenelecciones2011nuevospartidosdecoahuila-586165.html
External links
- Federal Electoral Institute - A list of officially registered national parties can be consulted here.
- http://www.marketingpolitico.com.mx/Institutoselectorales.htm - Index of links to every Electoral Institute in each state of Mexico. Lists of political parties in each state can be consulted in each website.
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