List of offshore wind farms

This article is about offshore wind farms. For onshore wind farms, see List of onshore wind farms. For more complete lists, see Lists of offshore wind farms by country.
The locations of the European 24 of the world's 25 largest operational offshore wind farms
Four offshore wind farms are in the Thames Estuary area: Kentish Flats, Gunfleet Sands, Thanet and London Array. The latter is the largest in the world as of April 2013.

This page lists the largest offshore wind farms that are currently operational rated by nameplate capacity. It also lists the largest offshore wind farms currently under construction, the largest proposed offshore wind farms, and offshore wind farms with notability other than size.

As of August 2013 the London Array in the United Kingdom is the largest offshore wind farm in the world at 630 MW. This is followed by Gwynt y Môr (576 MW), also in the UK. The Global Tech I wind farm (400 MW) in Germany is the largest project currently under construction.

The biggest producer of wind energy is the Greater Gabbard wind farm. In 2012 it produced 1,195 GigaWatt-hours (GWh). The second largest producer is Horns Rev 2 with 956 GWh produced in 2012. In terms of total production since introduction Horns Rev 1 remains the largest with 5,877 GWh produced since the park opened. Nysted 1, also in Denmark, is the second largest wind farm in the world in terms of total energy produced. Nysted 1 has produced 5,097 GWh since its start. Third is Horns Rev 2 with 2,959 GWh produced.[1]

Top 25 operational offshore wind farms

This is a list of the top 25 offshore wind farms that are currently operational, rated by nameplate capacity. In the case of a tied bottom place in the table, the wind farm with the earliest commissioning date is used.

Wind farm Total
(MW)		 Location Site coordinates Turbines
& model		 Commiss-
ioning Date		 Refs
London Array 630 United Kingdom 51°38′38″N 01°33′13″E / 51.64389°N 1.55361°E / 51.64389; 1.55361 (London Array) 175 × Siemens SWT-3.6-120 2012 [2][3][4]
Gwynt y Môr 576 United Kingdom 53°27′00″N 03°35′00″W / 53.45000°N 3.58333°W / 53.45000; -3.58333 (Gwynt y Môr) 160 × Siemens SWT-3.6-107 2015 [5]
Greater Gabbard 504[6] United Kingdom 51°52′48″N 1°56′24″E / 51.88000°N 1.94000°E / 51.88000; 1.94000 (Greater Gabbard wind farm) 140 × Siemens SWT-3.6-107 2012 [7][8][9]
Anholt 400 Denmark 56°36′00″N 11°12′36″E / 56.60000°N 11.21000°E / 56.60000; 11.21000 (Anholt Offshore Wind Farm) 111 × Siemens SWT-3.6-120 2013 [10][11][12][13]
BARD Offshore 1 400 Germany 54°22′0″N 5°59′0″E / 54.36667°N 5.98333°E / 54.36667; 5.98333 (BARD Offshore 1) 80 × BARD 5.0MW 2013 [14][15][16]
Global Tech I 400 Germany 54°30′00″N 6°21′30″E / 54.50000°N 6.35833°E / 54.50000; 6.35833 (Global Tech I) 80 × Areva Multibrid M5000 5.0MW 2015 [17]
West of Duddon Sands 389 United Kingdom 53°59′02″N 3°27′50″W / 53.98389°N 3.46389°W / 53.98389; -3.46389 (West of Duddon Sands) 108 × Siemens SWT-3.6-120 2014 [18][19]
Walney
(phases 1&2) 		367.2 United Kingdom 54°02′38″N 3°31′19″W / 54.04389°N 3.52194°W / 54.04389; -3.52194 (Walney Wind Farm) 102 × Siemens SWT-3.6-107 2011 (phase 1)
2012 (phase 2) 		[20][21]
Thorntonbank
(phases 1–3) 		325 Belgium 51°33′00″N 2°56′00″E / 51.55000°N 2.93333°E / 51.55000; 2.93333 (Thorntonbank phases 1&2&3) 6 × Senvion 5MW,
48 × Senvion
6.15MW 		2009 (phase 1)
2012 (phase 2)
2013 (phase 3)		[22][23][24][25]
Sheringham Shoal 315 United Kingdom 53°7′0″N 1°8′0″E / 53.11667°N 1.13333°E / 53.11667; 1.13333 (Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm) 88 × Siemens SWT-3.6-107 2012 [26][27][28][29]
Borkum Riffgrund 1 312 Germany 53°58′0″N 06°33′00″E / 53.96667°N 6.55000°E / 53.96667; 6.55000 (Borkum Riffgrund 1 Wind Farm) 78 × Siemens SWT-4.0-120 2015 [30]
Thanet 300 United Kingdom 51°26′0″N 01°38′0″E / 51.43333°N 1.63333°E / 51.43333; 1.63333 (Thanet Offshore Wind Project) 100 × Vestas V90-3.0MW 2010 [31][32]
Nordsee Ost 295 Germany 54°26′00″N 7°41′00″E / 54.43333°N 7.68333°E / 54.43333; 7.68333 (Nordsee Ost) 48 × Senvion
6.15MW 		2015 [33][34]
Amrumbank West 288 Germany 54°30′0″N 07°48′00″E / 54.50000°N 7.80000°E / 54.50000; 7.80000 (Amrumbank West Wind Farm) 80 × Siemens SWT-3.6-120 2015 [35][36]
Butendiek 288 Germany 54°54′0″N 07°45′00″E / 54.90000°N 7.75000°E / 54.90000; 7.75000 (Butendiek Wind Farm) 80 × Siemens SWT-3.6-120 2015 [37][38]
DanTysk 288 Germany 55°9′00″N 7°10′30″E / 55.15000°N 7.17500°E / 55.15000; 7.17500 (DanTysk) 80 × Siemens SWT-3.6-120 2015 [39]
EnBW Baltic 2 288 Germany 54°58′24″N 13°10′40″E / 54.97333°N 13.17778°E / 54.97333; 13.17778 (EnBW Baltic 2) 80 × Siemens SWT-3.6-120 2015 [40][41]
Meerwind Süd / Ost 288 Germany 54°23′00″N 7°42′00″E / 54.38333°N 7.70000°E / 54.38333; 7.70000 (Meerwind Süd / Ost) 80 × Siemens SWT-3.6-120 2015 [42]
Lincs 270 United Kingdom 53°11′00″N 00°29′00″E / 53.18333°N 0.48333°E / 53.18333; 0.48333 (Lincs Wind Farm) 75 × Siemens SWT-3.6-120 2013 [43]
Humber Gateway 219 United Kingdom 53°38′38″N 0°17′35″E / 53.64389°N 0.29306°E / 53.64389; 0.29306 (Humber Gateway) 73 × Vestas V112-3.0MW 2015 [44]
Northwind 216 Belgium 51°37′08″N 02°54′03″E / 51.61889°N 2.90083°E / 51.61889; 2.90083 (Northwind) 72 × Vestas V112-3.0MW 2014 [45]
Westermost Rough 210 United Kingdom 53°48′0″N 0°9′0″E / 53.80000°N 0.15000°E / 53.80000; 0.15000 (Westermost Rough Wind Farm) 35 × Siemens SWT-6.0-154 2015 [46][47]
Horns Rev 2 209.3 Denmark 55°36′00″N 7°35′24″E / 55.60000°N 7.59000°E / 55.60000; 7.59000 (Horns Rev 2) 91 × Siemens SWT-2.3-93 2009 [48]
Rødsand II 207 Denmark 54°33′0″N 11°42′36″E / 54.55000°N 11.71000°E / 54.55000; 11.71000 (Nysted Wind Farm) 90 × Siemens SWT-2.3-93 2010 [49][50]
Chenjiagang
(Jiangsu) Xiangshui 		201 China 34°29′00″N 119°52′00″E / 34.48333°N 119.86667°E / 34.48333; 119.86667 (Jiangsu Xiangshui Wind Farm) 134 × 1.5MW 2010 [51][52]

Largest under construction

This is a list of the largest offshore wind farms currently under construction.

Wind farm Total
(MW)		 Country Coordinates Turbines
& model		 Completion Refs
Gemini 600 Netherlands 54°11′N 5°53′E / 54.183°N 5.883°E / 54.183; 5.883 (Gemini) 150 x Siemens SWT- 4.0-130 2017 [53][54]
Gode Wind (phases 1+2) 582 Germany 54°04′N 7°02′E / 54.067°N 7.033°E / 54.067; 7.033 (Gode Wind I+II) 97 x Siemens SWT-6.0-154 2016 [55]
Race Bank 580 United Kingdom 53°16′N 0°50′E / 53.267°N 0.833°E / 53.267; 0.833 (Race Bank) 91 x Siemens SWT-6.0-154 2018 [56]
Horns Rev 3 406.7 Denmark ? 49 x MHI Vestas V164-8.3 MW 2019 [57]
Dudgeon 402 United Kingdom 53°16′N 1°23′W / 53.267°N 1.383°W / 53.267; -1.383 (Dudgeon) 67 x Siemens SWT-6.0-154 2017 [58]
Veja Mate 402 Germany 54°19′1″N 5°52′15″E / 54.31694°N 5.87083°E / 54.31694; 5.87083 (Veja Mate Wind Farm) 67 × Siemens SWT-6.0-154 2017 [59]
Rampion 400 United Kingdom 50°40′N 0°06′W / 50.667°N 0.100°W / 50.667; -0.100 (Rampion) 116 x MHI Vestas V112-3.45 MW 2018 [60]
Wikinger 350 Germany 54°50′2″N 14°4′5″E / 54.83389°N 14.06806°E / 54.83389; 14.06806 (Wikinger Wind Farm) 70 × Adwen AD 5-135 2017 [61]
Nordsee One 332 Germany 53°58′0″N 06°48′00″E / 53.96667°N 6.80000°E / 53.96667; 6.80000 (Nordsee One Wind Farm) 54 × Senvion 6.2M126 2017 [62]
Sandbank (Phase 1) 288 Germany 55°11′0″N 06°51′00″E / 55.18333°N 6.85000°E / 55.18333; 6.85000 (Sandbank Wind Farm) 72 × Siemens SWT-4.0-130 2017 [63]

Top 3 biggest producers of energy

This is a list of the 3 largest offshore wind farms by actual energy production since commissioning.

Wind farm Production 2012
(GWh)		 Total production
(GWh)		 Country Turbines
& model		 Official start Refs
Horns Rev 1 676 5877 Denmark 80 × Vestas V80 2.0 MW 2002 [1]
Nysted 1 575 5097 Denmark 72 × Bonus 2.3 MW 2003 [1]
Horns Rev 2 956 2959 Denmark 91 x Siemens 2.3 MW 2009 [1]

Top proposed wind farm areas

The following table lists largest offshore wind farm areas (by nameplate capacity) that are only at a proposal stage, and have achieved at least some of the formal consents required before construction can begin.

Wind Farm Total
(MW)		 Country Coordinates Consents Refs
Borselle Offshore 1,400 Netherlands Call for tenders for areas I and II of V (2x 700MW)[64]
Blekinge Offshore 2,500 Sweden 55°56′15″N 14°59′37.3″E / 55.93750°N 14.993694°E / 55.93750; 14.993694 (Blekinge Offshore) Awaiting decision of environmental court [65]
Korea Offshore 2,500 South Korea Korean Government Approved [66]
Moray Firth 1,300 United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [67]
Creyke Beck A 1,200 United Kingdom 54°43′28.63″N 2°46′06.80″E / 54.7246194°N 2.7685556°E / 54.7246194; 2.7685556 (Dogger Bank) Crown Estate Round 3 [68][69]
Creyke Beck B 1,200 United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [68][69]
East Anglia (formerly Norfolk Bank) 1,200 United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [67][70]
Irish Sea 1,200 United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [67]
Teesside A 1,200 United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [68][69]
Teesside B 1,200 United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 3 [68][69]
Triton Knoll 1,200 United Kingdom Crown Estate Round 2 [71]

Other notable offshore wind farms

Wind Farm Country Coordinates Year Notability Refs
Vindeby Denmark 1991 First offshore wind farm; 11 × Bonus 450 kW [72][73][74][75][76][77][78]
Beatrice United Kingdom 58°7′48″N 3°4′12″W / 58.13000°N 3.07000°W / 58.13000; -3.07000 (Beatrice Wind Farm) 2007 2 × Senvion 5MW prototype turbines, deepest fixed-foundation at 45-metre water depth [79][80][81]
Hywind Norway 2009 First full-scale, deep-water floating turbine: Siemens 2.3 MW turbine in 220 meter-deep water [82][83]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Annual production by commissioned sites". Retrieved 17 August 2013.
  2. ↑ London Array's own website announcement of commencement of offshore works
  3. ↑ Wittrup, Sanne. First foundation Ing.dk, 8 March 2011. Accessed: 8 March 2011.
  4. ↑ "London Array - The Project". londonarray.com. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  5. ↑ "World's second largest offshore wind farm opens off coast of Wales". Wales Online. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
  6. ↑ 504 MW extension is planned
  7. ↑ "UK: Greater Gabbard Offshore Wind Farm Generates Power". Retrieved 2012-09-07.
  8. ↑ "Offshore Wind Farms 2008" (PDF). EWEA. 2009-02-02. Retrieved 2009-02-04.
  9. ↑ "SSE plc - The UK's broadest-based energy company". scottish-southern.co.uk. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  10. ↑ "VIPs cut ribbon at 400MW Anholt" Recharge News, 4 September 2013. Accessed: 4 September 2013.
  11. ↑ Jan Bjerre Lauridsen & Søren Andersen. "Queen says Good Wind to giant turbines" Berlingske, 4 September 2013. Accessed: 4 September 2013.
  12. ↑ "All turbines at Anholt Offshore wind farm now operational" (Press release). DONG Energy. 20 June 2013. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
  13. ↑ Anholf Offshore wind farm in 4C Offshore Retrieved 2013-08-27
  14. ↑ "BARD 1 (4c)". 4coffshore.com. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  15. ↑ Rösler eröffnet Offshore-Windpark Bard 1 Retrieved 2013-08-26
  16. ↑ German Federal Minister Inaugurates BARD Offshore 1 Retrieved 2013-08-26
  17. ↑ "Global Tech I officially inaugurated". http://www.sunwindenergy.com/. Retrieved 4 September 2015. External link in |work= (help)
  18. ↑ "West of Duddon Sands reaches foundation installation halfway point". Retrieved 2013-08-27.
  19. ↑ "West of Duddon Sands". Retrieved 2013-08-27.
  20. ↑ Datasheet for site: Walney 1 Offshore wind farm. LORC Knowledge, 2011
  21. ↑ "UK: Walney Offshore Wind Farm Fully Operational". 2012-06-14. Retrieved 2012-06-15.
  22. ↑ C-Power: General Informations
  23. ↑ "RWE Innogy - Press release 09 July 2013 Export cables in at Gwynt y Môr Offshore Wind Farm". rwe.com. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  24. ↑ Phase 2 completed
  25. ↑ "Belgium: Thornton Bank Offshore Wind Farm Officially Inaugurated". Offshore Wind. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  26. ↑ "SWT-3.6-107 Wind Turbine". Siemens. Retrieved 2009-07-19.
  27. ↑ "Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm" (PDF). StatoilHydro. Retrieved 2009-07-19.
  28. ↑ Trickyweb. "Sheringham Shoal Operated by Statkraft". scira.co.uk. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  29. ↑ "Norway's Crown Prince Opens Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm (UK)". Offshore Wind. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  30. ↑ "Borkum Riffgrund I". 4coffshore.com. Retrieved 4 September 2015.
  31. ↑ "Thanet". The Engineer Online. 2008-07-25. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
  32. ↑ "Thanet offshore wind farm starts electricity production". BBC News. 2010-09-23. Retrieved 2010-09-30.
  33. ↑ "Cable-laying begins at Nordsee Ost". Retrieved 2013-08-13.
  34. ↑ "Offshore wind farm Nordsee Ost". Retrieved 2013-08-13.
  35. ↑ "Amrumbank West Offshore Wind Farm". 4coffshore.com. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  36. ↑ "E.ON's Amrumbank West offshore wind farm is fully operational". www.yourrenewablenews.com. 22 October 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2015.
  37. ↑ "Butendiek Offshore Wind Farm". 4coffshore.com. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  38. ↑ "Butendiek Fully Operational". Retrieved 2015-08-07.
  39. ↑ "DanTysk". Retrieved 2015-01-10.
  40. ↑ "EnBW lines up Hohe See deals as Baltic 2 opens". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
  41. ↑ "4C Offshore - Baltic 2 Wind Farm". Retrieved 2013-08-27.
  42. ↑ "Germany's 288MW Meerwind inaugurated in North Sea". Retrieved 2014-11-14.
  43. ↑ "Lincs Wind Farm Now Fully Operational". Retrieved 2013-08-27.
  44. ↑ "Eon energy project sees every turbine generating - Grimsby Telegraph". Grimsby Telegraph. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  45. ↑ "4C Offshore - Northwind Offshore wind farm". Retrieved 2013-08-27.
  46. ↑ "Westermost Rough Offshore Wind Farm". 4coffshore.com. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  47. ↑ "Westermost Rough hits full power". reNEWS - Renewable Energy News. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
  48. ↑ Horns Rev 2 turbines
  49. ↑ E.ON finishes Rødsand II Business Week, 14 July 2010. Retrieved: 11 September 2010.
  50. ↑ Datasheet for site: Roedsand 2 offshore wind farm. LORC Knowledge, 2011
  51. ↑ Jiangsu Xiangshui 201MW wind farm all turbines connected to the grid (Modern Han Chinese language publication)
  52. ↑ 4C Offshore Chenjiagang Xiangshui Project
  53. ↑ "Gemini". 4coffshore.com. Retrieved 4 September 2015.
  54. ↑ "Gemini Wind Farm - offshore wind farm in the North Sea". Gemini Wind Farm. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  55. ↑ "Gode Wind foundation installed successfully". 4coffshore.com. Retrieved 4 September 2015.
  56. ↑ "Innovation Installs First Foundation at Race Bank". http://www.offshorewind.biz/. Retrieved 2 July 2016. External link in |work= (help)
  57. ↑ "Horns Rev 3 offshore wind farm" Vattenfall, 27 June 2016. Accessed: 29 October 2016.
  58. ↑ "Dudgeon construction underway". Retrieved 23 March 2016.
  59. ↑ "World's Largest OW Jack-Up Vessel Installs World's Heaviest Monopile at Veja Mate OWF". Retrieved 6 June 2016.
  60. ↑ "Rampion wind farm construction gets under way". BBC. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  61. ↑ "Construction is starting on the offshore wind farm Wikinger". Retrieved 23 March 2016.
  62. ↑ http://www.offshorewindindustry.com/news/first-foundation-nordsee-one-successfully First foundation for Nordsee One successfully installed
  63. ↑ http://www.offshorewind.biz/2015/07/08/sandbank-owf-construction-kicks-off/ Sandbank OWF Construction Kicks Off
  64. ↑ "government subsidies for Borssele offshore wind parks". rvo.nl. Retrieved 2016-04-12.
  65. ↑ "Blekinge Offshore - Gröna Arbetstillfällen, Miljö och Energi". blekingeoffshore.se. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  66. ↑ Deo Maglaya. "South Korea to build $9 billion offshore wind farm by 2019". ecoseed.org. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  67. 1 2 3 New UK offshore wind farm licences are announced, BBC News, 2010-01-08
  68. 1 2 3 4 "Forewind finalises first four Dogger Bank boundaries". rechargenews.com. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  69. 1 2 3 4 "Region's MPs lobbied over Dogger Bank wind farm" BBC, 12 October 2011. Retrieved 30 March 2012. Quote: "proposed offshore wind farm"
  70. ↑
  71. ↑ "pmworldtoday.net". pmworldtoday.net. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  72. ↑ Operational offshore wind farms in Europe, end 2009 EWEA. Retrieved: 23 October 2010.
  73. ↑ Christensen, Allan S. & Madsen, Morten. Supply Chain study on the Danish offshore wind industry page 33-42 Offshore Center Denmark, 29. August 2005. Retrieved: 23 October 2010.
  74. ↑ "Introduction to the (Nysted offshore) park". Retrieved 2010-08-19.
  75. ↑ "Data on operating and decommissioned wind turbines (as at end of June 2010)". ENS. 2010-07-16. Retrieved 2010-08-09.
  76. ↑ 4cOffshore listing for Vindeby
  77. ↑ Stenstrop, Georg. Vindeby Kulturarv. Retrieved: 1 September 2010.
  78. ↑ Prinds, Karsten. "Where offshore wind was invented". OceanWise, 2011
  79. ↑ Sharp, Stephen. Scotland shares excellence in renewable energy at World Investment Congress Scottish Enterprise, 15 June 2007. Retrieved: 18 October 2010. "subsea jacket structure which enables the turbines to sit in 45m of water" .. "deepest water depth"
  80. ↑ Kempton et al. Supporting Information page 3 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 14 August 2009. Retrieved: 17 October 2010.
  81. ↑ "beatricewind.co.uk". beatricewind.co.uk. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  82. ↑ Patel, Prachi (2009-06-22). "Floating Wind Turbines to Be Tested". IEEE Spectrum. Retrieved 2009-06-25. will test how the 2.3-megawatt turbine holds up in 220-meter-deep water.
  83. ↑ Madslien, Jorn (8 September 2009). "Floating challenge for offshore wind turbine". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 2009-09-16. world's first full-scale floating wind turbine
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