List of Ptolemaic pharaohs

This article contains a list of the pharaohs of Egypt's Ptolemaic dynasty, which lasted from 305 B.C. to 30 B.C.

Note that the dates given are approximate.

List of Ptolemaic pharaohs

Name Image Comment Date
Ptolemy I Soter
Founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty, previously a general of Alexander the Great.

Abdicated in 285 BC; died in 283 BC

 305–285 BC
Berenice I
Wife of Ptolemy I ?–285 BC
Ptolemy II Philadelphus
288–246 BC
Arsinoe I
Wife of Ptolemy II 284/281–c. 274 BC
Arsinoe II Wife of Ptolemy II 277–270 BC
Ptolemy III Euergetes I
246–222 BC
Berenice II
Wife of Ptolemy III
244/243–222 BC
Ptolemy IV Philopator
222–204 BC
Arsinoe III
Wife of Ptolemy IV
220–204 BC
Hugronaphor Revolutionary Pharaoh in the South 205–199 BC
Ankhmakis Revolutionary Pharaoh in the South 199–185 BC
Ptolemy V Epiphanes
Upper Egypt in revolt 207–186 BC 204–180 BC
Cleopatra I
Wife of Ptolemy V, co-regent with Ptolemy VI during his minority 193–176 BC
Ptolemy VI Philometor
Died 145 BC 180–164 BC

163–145 BC

Cleopatra II
Wife of Ptolemy VI 175–164 BC

163–147 BC

124–116 BC

Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II
Proclaimed king by Alexandrians in 170 BC; ruled jointly with Ptolemy VI Philometor and Cleopatra II from 169 to 164 BC.

Restored in 145 BC, ruled until 131 BC

Restored again in 127 BC

Died 116 BC

 171–163 BC

145–131 BC

127–116 BC

Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
Proclaimed co-ruler by father; later ruled under regency of his mother Cleopatra II

Sometimes identified as Ptolemy Memphitis

145–144 BC
Cleopatra III
Second wife of Ptolemy VIII 142–131 BC
Ptolemy Memphitis Proclaimed King by Cleopatra II; soon killed by Ptolemy VIII 131 BC
Ptolemy IX Soter II
Died 80 BC 116–110 BC
Cleopatra IV Shortly married to Ptolemy IX, but was pushed out by Cleopatra III 116–115 BC
Ptolemy X Alexander I
Died 88 BC 110–109 BC
Berenice III Forced to marry Ptolemy XI; murdered on his orders 19 days later 81–80 BC
Ptolemy XI Alexander II Young son of Ptolemy X Alexander; installed by Sulla; ruled for 80 days before being lynched by citizens for killing Berenice III 80 BC
Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos Auletes
Son of Ptolemy IX

Fled to Rome in 58 BC in fear of citizens; restored in 55 BC; reigned briefly with his daughter Cleopatra VII before his death

Father of the famed Cleopatra

Died 51 BC

 80–58 BC

55–51 BC

Cleopatra VII
Jointly with her father Ptolemy XII, her brother Ptolemy XIII, her brother-husband Ptolemy XIV, and her son Ptolemy XV; also known simply as Cleopatra

Known for her affairs with Roman leaders Julius Caesar and Mark Antony

 51–48 BC

48–30 BC

Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator Brother of Cleopatra VII; died in 47 BC after battle with the combined forces of Cleopatra and Julius Caesar 51–47 BC
Arsinoe IV In opposition to Cleopatra IV; took her place when Ptolemy XIII drove Cleopatra from Egypt 48–47 BC
Ptolemy XIV
Younger brother of Cleopatra VII and Ptolemy XIII; ruled for three years while Cleopatra was in Rome on invitation by Caesar 47–44 BC
Ptolemy XV Caesarion
First child of Cleopatra VII, possibly with Julius Caesar

Began rule alongside his mother at the age of three

Killed on the orders of Gaius Octavian (later to become Emperor Augustus Caesar) 11 days after the suicide of Cleopatra VII

 44–30 BC

Other

Name Image Comment Date
Ptolemy XVI

Philadelphus

Fourth and final son of Cleopatra VII, and her third with Mark Antony. Was never a

pharaoh of the Ptolemaic dynasty, but is the last in the line to bear the name

"Ptolemy"

Used, along with his older siblings Alexander Helios and Cleopatra Selene (twin children

of Cleopatra VII), in Gaius Octavian's military triumph over their parents; means of death unknown

 [lived] 36 BC–29 BC

See also

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