List of Prime Ministers of New Zealand

The Prime Minister of New Zealand is the head of government of New Zealand, and the leader of the Cabinet of New Zealand, with various powers and responsibilities defined by convention. This list includes individuals who held the titles of Colonial Secretary and Premier, the direct predecessors to the modern position of Prime Minister. The title of the office was formally changed to "Premier" in 1869, and then to "Prime Minister" in 1907 when New Zealand was granted the status of a Dominion in the British Empire.

Thirty-eight individuals have so far held the premiership, not including Hugh Watt, who was briefly the acting Prime Minister in 1974. Henry Sewell is regarded as New Zealand's first premier. Nine Prime Ministers have held the position more than one discrete term in office. The longest single term in office was that of Richard Seddon, who held the position for thirteen years between 1893 and 1906. The current Prime Minister is John Key, who took office on 19 November 2008.

List

Colour key
(for political parties)
  Reform
  United
  Labour
No. Name
(Birth–Death)
Constituency
Portrait Term of office Elected
(Parliament)
Party Government
Colonial Secretaries (1856–1869)
1 Henry Sewell
(1807–1879)
MP for Christchurch
7 May 1856 20 May 1856 1855 (2nd) Independent Sewell
2 William Fox
(1812–1893)
MP for Wanganui
20 May 1856 2 June 1856 — (2nd) Independent Fox I
3 Edward Stafford
(1819–1901)
MP for Nelson
2 June 1856 12 July 1861 — (2nd) Independent Stafford I
(2) William Fox
(1812–1893)
MP for Rangitikei
12 July 1861 6 August 1862 1860–61 (3rd) Independent Fox II
4 Alfred Domett
(1811–1887)
MP for Nelson
6 August 1862 30 October 1863 — (3rd) Independent Domett
5 Frederick Whitaker
(1812–1891)
Councillor
30 October 1863 24 November 1864 — (3rd) Independent Whitaker–Fox
6 Frederick Weld
(1823–1891)
MP for Cheviot
24 November 1864 16 October 1865 — (3rd) Independent Weld
(3) Edward Stafford
(1819–1901)
MP for Nelson until 1868
MP for Timaru from 1868
16 October 1865 28 June 1869 — (3rd)
1866 (4th)
Independent Stafford II
Premiers (1869–1907)
(2) William Fox
(1812–1893)
MP for Rangitikei
28 June 1869 10 September 1872 — (4th)
1871 (5th)
Independent Fox III
(3) Edward Stafford
(1819–1901)
MP for Timaru
10 September 1872 11 October 1872 — (5th) Independent Stafford III
7 George Waterhouse
(1824–1906)
Councillor
11 October 1872 3 March 1873 — (5th) Independent Waterhouse
(2) William Fox
(1812–1893)
MP for Rangitikei
3 March 1873 8 April 1873 — (5th) Independent Fox IV
8 Julius Vogel
(1835–1899)
MP for Auckland East
8 April 1873 6 July 1875 — (5th) Independent Vogel I
9 Daniel Pollen
(1813–1896)
Councillor
6 July 1875 15 February 1876 — (5th) Independent Pollen
(8) Julius Vogel
(1835–1899)
MP for Wanganui
15 February 1876 1 September 1876 1875–76 (6th) Independent Vogel II
10 Harry Atkinson
(1831–1892)
MP for Egmont
1 September 1876 13 October 1877 — (6th) Independent Atkinson I • II
"Continuous Ministry"
11 George Grey
(1812–1898)
MP for Thames
13 October 1877 8 October 1879 — (6th) Independent Grey
12 John Hall
(1824–1907)
MP for Selwyn
8 October 1879 21 April 1882 1879 (7th)
1881 (8th)
Independent Hall
"Continuous Ministry"
(5) Frederick Whitaker
(1812–1891)
Councillor
21 April 1882 25 September 1883 — (8th) Independent Whitaker
"Continuous Ministry"
(10) Harry Atkinson
(1831–1892)
MP for Egmont
25 September 1883 16 August 1884 — (8th) Independent Atkinson III
"Continuous Ministry"
13 Robert Stout
(1844–1930)
MP for Dunedin East
16 August 1884 28 August 1884 1884 (9th) Independent Stout–Vogel I
(10) Harry Atkinson
(1831–1892)
MP for Egmont
28 August 1884 3 September 1884 — (9th) Independent Atkinson IV
"Continuous Ministry"
(13) Robert Stout
(1844–1930)
MP for Dunedin East
3 September 1884 8 October 1887 — (9th) Independent Stout–Vogel II
(10) Harry Atkinson
(1831–1892)
MP for Egmont
8 October 1887 24 January 1891 1887 (10th) Independent Atkinson V
"Scarecrow Ministry"
14 John Ballance
(1839–1893)
MP for Wanganui
24 January 1891 27 April 1893 1890 (11th) Liberal Liberal
15 Richard Seddon
(1845–1906)
MP for Westland
1 May 1893 10 June 1906 — (11th)
1893 (12th)
1896 (13th)
1899 (14th)
1902 (15th)
1905 (16th)
Liberal
16 William Hall-Jones
(1851–1936)
MP for Timaru
21 June 1906 6 August 1906 — (16th) Liberal
Prime Ministers (1907–present)
17 Joseph Ward
(1856–1930)
MP for Awarua
6 August 1906 12 March 1912 — (16th)
1908 (17th)
1911 (18th)
Liberal
18 Thomas Mackenzie
(1853–1930)
MP for Egmont
28 March 1912 10 July 1912 — (18th) Liberal
19 William Massey
(1856–1925)
MP for Franklin
10 July 1912 10 May 1925 — (18th)
1914 (19th)
1919 (20th)
1922 (21st)
Reform Reform
20 Francis Bell
(1851–1936)
Councillor
14 May 1925 30 May 1925 — (21st) Reform
21 Gordon Coates
(1878–1943)
MP for Kaipara
30 May 1925 10 December 1928 — (21st)
1925 (22nd)
Reform
(17) Joseph Ward
(1856–1930)
MP for Invercargill
10 December 1928 28 May 1930 1928 (23rd) United United
22 George Forbes
(1869–1947)
MP for Hurunui
28 May 1930 6 December 1935 — (23rd) United
1931 (24th) United-Reform Coalition
23 Michael Joseph Savage
(1872–1940)
MP for Auckland West
6 December 1935 27 March 1940 1935 (25th)
1938 (26th)
Labour First Labour
24 Peter Fraser
(1884–1950)
MP for Wellington Central until 1946
MP for Brooklyn from 1946
1 April 1940 13 December 1949 — (26th)
1943 (27th)
1946 (28th)
Labour
25 Sidney Holland
(1893–1961)
MP for Fendalton
13 December 1949 20 September 1957 1949 (29th)
1951 (30th)
1954 (31st)
National First National
26 Keith Holyoake
(1904–1983)
MP for Pahiatua
20 September 1957 12 December 1957 — (31st) National
27 Walter Nash
(1882–1968)
MP for Hutt
12 December 1957 12 December 1960 1957 (32nd) Labour Second Labour
(26) Keith Holyoake
(1904–1983)
MP for Pahiatua
12 December 1960 7 February 1972 1960 (33rd)
1963 (34th)
1966 (35th)
1969 (36th)
National Second National
28 Jack Marshall
(1912–1988)
MP for Karori
7 February 1972 8 December 1972 — (36th) National
29 Norman Kirk
(1923–1974)
MP for Sydenham
8 December 1972 31 August 1974 1972 (37th) Labour Third Labour
Hugh Watt
(1912–1980)
MP for Onehunga
Acting Prime Minister
31 August 1974 6 September 1974 — (37th) Labour
30 Bill Rowling
(1927–1995)
MP for Tasman
6 September 1974 12 December 1975 — (37th) Labour
31 Robert Muldoon
(1921–1992)
MP for Tamaki
12 December 1975 26 July 1984 1975 (38th)
1978 (39th)
1981 (40th)
National Third National
32 David Lange
(1942–2005)
MP for Mangere
26 July 1984 8 August 1989 1984 (41st)
1987 (42nd)
Labour Fourth Labour
33 Geoffrey Palmer
(born 1942)
MP for Christchurch Central
8 August 1989 4 September 1990 — (42nd) Labour
34 Mike Moore
(born 1949)
MP for Christchurch North
4 September 1990 2 November 1990 — (42nd) Labour
35 Jim Bolger
(born 1935)
MP for King Country
2 November 1990 8 December 1997 1990 (43rd)
1993 (44th)
1996 (45th)
National Fourth National
with New Zealand First 1996–98;
with Mauri Pacific 1998–99.
36 Jenny Shipley
(born 1952)
MP for Rakaia
8 December 1997 5 December 1999 — (45th) National
37 Helen Clark
(born 1950)
MP for Mount Albert
5 December 1999 19 November 2008 1999 (46th)
2002 (47th)
2005 (48th)
Labour Fifth Labour
with Alliance; C&S with Greens, United Future.
38 John Key
(born 1961)
MP for Helensville
19 November 2008 12 December 2016 2008 (49th)
2011 (50th)
2014 (51st)
National Fifth National
C&S with ACT, United Future, Māori Party.

Timeline

John Key Helen Clark Jenny Shipley Jim Bolger Mike Moore (New Zealand politician) Geoffrey Palmer (politician) David Lange Robert Muldoon Bill Rowling Norman Kirk Jack Marshall Keith Holyoake Walter Nash Keith Holyoake Sidney Holland Peter Fraser (New Zealand politician) Michael Joseph Savage George William Forbes Joseph Ward Gordon Coates Francis Bell (New Zealand Prime Minister) William Massey Thomas Mackenzie Joseph Ward William Hall-Jones Richard Seddon John Ballance Harry Atkinson Robert Stout Harry Atkinson Robert Stout Harry Atkinson Frederick Whitaker John Hall (New Zealand politician) George Grey Harry Atkinson Julius Vogel Daniel Pollen Julius Vogel William Fox (New Zealand) George Marsden Waterhouse Edward Stafford (politician) William Fox (New Zealand) Edward Stafford (politician) Frederick Weld Frederick Whitaker Alfred Domett William Fox (New Zealand) Edward Stafford (politician) William Fox (New Zealand) Henry Sewell

See also

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