Leicester Hemingway
Leicester Clarence Hemingway (April 1, 1915 in Oak Park, Illinois – September 13, 1982) was an American writer. He was the younger brother of writer Ernest Hemingway and wrote six books, including a first novel entitled The Sound of the Trumpet (1953), based on Leicester's experiences in France and Germany during World War II. In 1961, Leicester published My Brother, Ernest Hemingway,[1] a biography. The work was well-received and brought Leicester both recognition as a writer in his own right and significant financial rewards. With the capital from the work, Hemingway created the micronation of New Atlantis on a barge off the coast of Jamaica,[2] intended to serve as a marine research headquarters. The project was cut short when New Atlantis was destroyed in a 1966 tropical storm.[3][4]
Personal life
He had two marriages; the first gave him two sons, the second two daughters.
Suicide
In 1982, Hemingway committed suicide with a gunshot to the head,[5][6] after having suffered several years from Type II diabetes, which necessitated numerous operations.
New Atlantis
Hemingway founded his micronation of New Atlantis on an 8 foot by 30 foot barge he had towed 12 nautical miles out from Jamaica, in July 1964.[7] He utilized the 1856 Guano Islands Act to claim half of the barge as a new nation and half for the United States.[8] Hemingway also "wrote" a constitution, which was a copy of the U.S. Constitution with the words "New Atlantis" substituted for "United States".[7] New Atlantis' purpose was to generate money for oceanographic research by selling coins and stamps.[7] In 1966, the micronation was ravaged by a storm and then ransacked by fishermen.[2][4][7]
References
- ↑ Hemingway, Leicester (1962). My Brother, Ernest Hemingway (1996: 4, illustrated, reprint ed.). Florida: Pineapple Press. ISBN 978-1-56164-098-0.
- 1 2 Turner, William (2007-01-01). History of Philosophy (3 Vols. Set). Global Vision Publishing House. p. 142. ISBN 9788182202337.
- ↑ Hale, Russell. "Contents of a Country: Leicester Hemingway's New Atlantis". Harry Ransom Center, University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved 18 June 2013.
- 1 2 Walker, Lawrence R.; Bellingham, Peter (March 24, 2011). Island Environments in a Changing World. Cambridge University Press. p. 34. ISBN 9781139500265.
- ↑ Michael Largo - Genius and Heroin
- ↑ Mitang, Herbert (September 15, 1982). "Leicester Hemingway, Writer and Ernest's Brother, is Suicide". The New York Times. Retrieved June 29, 2009.
- 1 2 3 4 Johanson, Mark (October 11, 2013). "Create Your Own Country: Australia Leads In The Number Of Micronations; If You're Unhappy With Your Country, Start A New One". International Business Times. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
- ↑ Hale, Russell. "Harry Ransom Center: Contents of a Country: Leicester Hemingway's New Atlantis". Harry Ransom Center. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
Sources
- Leicester Hemingway, 1915-1982; New Atlantis Collection, 1964-66 Harry Ransom Center, University of Texas at Austin
- Samuel Pyeatt Menefee, "Republics of the Reefs: Nation-Building on the Continental Shelf and in the World's Oceans", California Western Journal of International Law, vol. 25, no. 1, Fall, 1994, pp. 104–05.
- Family records