János Tornyai

The native form of this personal name is Tornyai János. This article uses the Western name order.
János Tornyai
Born János Tornyai
18 January 1869
Hódmezővásárhely, Hungary
Died 20 September 1936
Hódmezővásárhely
Nationality Hungarian
Known for Painter
Movement Realism
Post-Impressionism

János Tornyai (January 18, 1869 – September 20, 1936) was a renowned Hungarian painter born in Hódmezővásárhely.

Early life

Tornyai, the son of day labourers, studied at the School of Decorative Art in 1886-88, then a guest pupil of Bertalan Székely, Károly Lotz and János Gregus in 1888-89. He studied at the Académie Julian in Paris from 1894 where he was influenced by Mihály Munkácsy's art. He visited Germany and Italy in 1897, then returned to Hódmezővásárhely.

Young peasant woman in the studio (1904)

He had hardly enough to keep body and soul together, and had a studio from 1903 only. He started to collect folklore products together with Gyula Rudnay and Béla Endre and they founded a school in Hódmezővásárhely to save folk pottery. He lived in Mártély from the 1910s onwards where he painted a series of landscapes on the Great Plain. He moved to Budapest in 1919. He worked in Szentendre for a few months in 1933–34.

First he was Munkácsy's follower in portraying peasants' lives. His major works from this perio "Rákóczi in Rodostó", 1904, "The Outlaw's Love", 1907, and "Miklós Nagy Bercsényi", 1908. "Heritage" inspired him to paint landscapes with delicate colours ("Well-Sweep", "Hungarian Fate", etc.). In his late Szentendre period, colours became lighter and he was engaged in plein air ("Woman in Green Coat", 1932–34, etc.).[1]

He became interested in the Great Plain around 1904 and from then on he made several pictures about farmsteads of violent brushwork and swinging style. Hódmezővásárhely was the place he always returned to after his journeys to Budapest, Paris and Szentendre, and he spent his last years nearly, in Mártély. Very much serenity and great painting. In 1984, 718 pictures were found under the floor of his studio. Now these pictures are in the Tornyai Museum of Hódmezővásárhely.[2]

Realistic style

Landscapes

Post-Nagybánya style

References

  1. ↑ This biography (partly) is from Fine Arts in Hungary, see http://www.hung-art.hu/index-en.html
  2. ↑ János, Dömötör (January 1986). "A Tornyai-festménylelet" [Discovery of pictures from Tornyai]. Művészet (in Hungarian). 27 (1): 6–11..
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