History of war

War have been part of human societies since prehistoric times by different species of humans until present wars.

War periods

Wars on prehistory

Main article: Prehistoric warfare

War has been part of human societies since prehistoric times by different species of humans, among them Homo erectus and Homo sapien that used prehistoric weapons. Some of their cave paintings represent their wars. One of the oldest war cemeteries is Cemetery 117, the result of a war in 13,000 B.C. There 59 bodies were found that had been attacked with spears or arrows in their fight. It was found in current Sudan.

Ancient warfare

Main article: Ancient warfare

Ancient warfare is war as conducted from the beginnings of recorded history to the end of the ancient period, and it includes the use of chariots, bows and arrows, spears, swords, Naval warfare and military tactics. Some of the ancient war books were De Re Militari written by Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus in the 4th century, and The Art of War, written in the 5th century BC by Sun Tzu.

Medieval warfare

Main article: Medieval warfare

Medieval warfare is the warfare of the Middle Ages. In Europe, technological, cultural, and social developments had forced a dramatic transformation in the character of warfare from antiquity, changing military tactics and the role of cavalry and artillery. In terms of fortification, the Middle Ages saw the emergence of the castle in Europe, which then spread to southwestern Asia.

Early modern warfare

Main article: Early modern warfare

Warfare of the early modern period is associated with the start of the widespread use of gunpowder and the development of suitable weapons to use the explosive, including artillery and handguns; for this reason the era is also referred to as the age of gunpowder warfare.

Industrial warfare

Main article: Industrial warfare

Industrial warfare[1] is a period in the history of warfare ranging roughly from the early 19th century and the start of the Industrial Revolution to the beginning of the Atomic Age, which saw the rise of nation-states, capable of creating and equipping large armies, navies, and air forces, through the process of industrialization.

Modern warfare

Main article: Modern warfare

Modern warfare is warfare using the concepts, methods, and military technology that have come into use during and after World War II. The concepts and methods have assumed more complex forms of the 19th- and early-20th-century antecedents, largely due to the widespread use of highly advanced information technology, and combatants must modernize constantly to preserve their battle worthiness.[2] Although total war was thought to be the form of international conflicts from the experience of the French Revolutionary Wars to World War II, the term no longer describes warfare in which a belligerent uses all of its resources to destroy the enemy's organized ability to engage in war. The practice of total war which had been in use for over a century, as a form of war policy, has been changed dramatically with greater awareness of tactical, operational, and strategic battle information.

See also

References

  1. ↑ p.410, Christon I. Archer, World History of Warfare
  2. ↑ Creveld, Martin Van (2000). "Technology and War I:To 1945". In Charles Townshend. The Oxford History of Modern War. New York, USA: Oxford University Press. p. 206. ISBN 0-19-285373-2.
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