Formosa Fun Coast explosion

Coordinates: 25°08′41″N 121°23′20″E / 25.14472°N 121.38889°E / 25.14472; 121.38889

Formosa Fun Coast explosion

A video screenshot of the incident at the Formosa Fun Coast, viewed from onstage
Time 20:30 (UTC+8)
Date 27 June 2015 (2015-06-27)
Venue Formosa Fun Coast
Location Bali, New Taipei, Taiwan
Type Dust explosion
Deaths 15[1]
Non-fatal injuries 497[2]

On 27 June 2015, flammable starch-based powder exploded at the Formosa Fun Coast, a recreational water park in Bali, New Taipei, Taiwan, injuring 508 people, with 199 in critical condition.[2][3][4][5] As of 29 November 2015, fifteen fatalities were attributed to the explosion.[1][6] The dust explosion, which occurred on a music stage[7] during a "Color Play Asia" party (Chinese: 彩色派對; pinyin: cǎisè pàiduì), has been called the "worst incident of mass injury [ever] in New Taipei".[8][9] The powder was identified, by some sources, as colored corn starch.[10]

Background

The "Color Play Asia" party was inspired by the colored powder used in the Hindu religious festival "Holi", also called "festival of colors", which is celebrated in India, Nepal, and other countries with large Hindu populations. In August 2013, the first Taiwanese color party took place in Sizihwan, Kaohsiung City. It was organized by the same event company that organized "Color Play Asia".[11]

That same year, a National Tsing Hua University expert warned that the colored powder used during the Color Play Asia parties might cause a dust explosion if the material was combustible.[12]

Event

Formosa Fun Coast, located in New Taipei City

On 27 June 2015, the "Color Play Asia" party was held at the Formosa Fun Coast water park. Party-goers were singing and dancing on the stage, which holds up to 1,000.[7][13] Other party-goers danced in a drained pool nearby.[14]

The concert organizers deployed colored corn starch powder in the festivities. The method of powder application at the concert created "an extremely dense dust cloud over the stage and its immediate vicinity",[15] people near the stage were standing "almost ankle-deep" in colored corn starch powder, and the powder was repeatedly suspended into the air using air blowers as well as compressed gas canisters.[14][16]

At about 8:30 pm, a large deflagration occurred when a cloud of colored powder ignited after being discharged from the stage onto a crowd of 1,000 people during a concert.[13][17] Some of the crowd breathed in the powder, causing respiratory problems.[13] As recorded in an amateur video by an audience member, a massive fireball suddenly engulfed the stage.[8] The powder caught fire along the ground, resulting in burns mainly to victims' limbs and torsos.[3][18] According to the authorities, the fire was quickly extinguished.[19] Some victims were carried out on swim rings.[20] The rescue included help from army vehicles and soldiers, along with medical services.[18]

Injuries and fatalities

Nationality Number of
injuries[2] 		Number of
deaths
 Taiwan 478 15
 Hong Kong 6
 China 2
 Japan 2
 Malaysia 2
 Macau 1
 Singapore 1
 South Africa 1
 United Kingdom 1
 United States 1
Total 496 15

The injured were treated in over 50 hospitals across Taiwan. As of 29 November 2015,[21] 15 of the 497 injured had died, 44 victims remained hospitalized, and 11 are being treated at intensive care wards, while fifty-seven others were discharged from hospitals after treatment.[22][23][24][25] Most of the injured were tertiary students in their twenties and late teens who had just started their summer vacation.[26] An earlier estimate of 519 injured was due to double-counting of patients that were transferred between hospitals.[10]

Many victims were lightly clad because of hot weather (36.6 °C (97.9 °F))[13][3] and the water park venue, and suffered burns over large portions of their bodies.[27] Some victims suffered burns to 80-90% of their skin.[3][18]

Four foreigners injured in the event were flown home via International SOS flights for follow-up medical treatment on 29 June: two to Hong Kong (Queen Mary Hospital and Prince of Wales Hospital), one to Shanghai (Ruijin Hospital) and one to Singapore (Singapore General Hospital).[28]

Two suicides were linked to the event: a father of a burn victim committed suicide,[29] while another suicidal man donated his skin to the victims.[30]

Response

New Taipei City's mayor Eric Chu ordered an immediate shutdown of the water park pending an investigation.[13] The man responsible for the event was detained by police for investigation.[31]

On 28 June, Taiwanese Premier Mao Chi-kuo banned the use of colored powders at private events in Taiwan until the investigation is over and the powder can be considered safe.[18]

The event's organizer Lu Chung-chi (Chinese: 呂忠吉; Hanyu Pinyin: Lǚ Zhōngjí; Tongyong Pinyin: Lyǔ Jhongjí, also known as Simon Lu) and hardware engineer were questioned and then given bail on the condition that they not leave the country.[32] Lu Chung-chi apologized for the explosion on 28 June.[33]

On 28 June a spokesman for China's Taiwan Affairs Office, Ma Xiaoguang, expressed sympathy for the victims and hoped they all received timely and appropriate treatment.[34]

On 30 June Taiwan's Organ Registry and Sharing Center called for urgent donations of cadaver skin, since there were just 115 rolls left in Taiwan's cadaver skin stocks. According to Chairman Lee Po-chang (李伯璋; Lǐ Bózhāng), cadaver skin is more effective in blocking burn wounds from contamination sources and promoting skin regeneration than hog skin or synthetic skin.[35]

According to officials, the Ministry of Health and Welfare collaborated with the New Taipei City Public Health Department and made an announcement that all medical expenses of the burn patients from 27 June to 30 September will be covered by the National Health Insurance Administration and the National Health Insurance Program.[36]

On 2 July, a spokesman for China's Taiwan Affairs Office said it was ready to provide medical assistance to help treat the hundreds of people injured in the explosion.[37] On 3 July, Taiwanese Minister of Health and Welfare Chiang Been-huang said he was grateful for China's offer to provide medical assistance, including donations of cadaver skin to Taiwan, but it should be first confirmed that the skin was not from executed prisoners.[38]

Cadaver skin from the United States and Netherlands was scheduled to arrive in Taiwan.[39]

Investigation

Investigators raised the question of whether the powder was ignited by a cigarette or spark; the supplier of the flammable, starch-based powder said "if it's in dense quantities and if it's hot, it can catch fire". Organizers had purchased three tons of the powder,[14] and wrote on their Facebook page that it consisted of cornstarch and food coloring. The powder was sprayed from the stage onto concert-goers "at high velocity".[26] The vice president of Tai Won Food Industrial Co, which makes the powder, says that there are warnings on the packages not to use them in closed spaces or under high temperatures.[25] The New Taipei City news department head stated: "It's still not clear what happened, but there were a number of people smoking and the weather was warm."[3]

According to the Fire Department, "Our initial understanding is this explosion and fire ... was caused by the powder spray. It could have been due to the heat of the lights on the stage".[13]

WuFeng University fire science department instructor and Taichung Harbor Fire Department deputy captain Lu Shou-chien (盧守謙; Lú Shǒuqiān) commented in a letter to the Chinese-language United Daily News that the event organizers had set up necessary conditions for a disaster, and had not used water sprays which would have reduced the risk of ignition.[14] Smoking was permitted at the event, and approximately 40 cigarette butts were found afterwards.[14]

In October 2015, the committee set up by the New Taipei City government to oversee monetary donations related to the explosion announced plans to distribute the collected funds. Survivors were to receive between NT$65,000 and NT$6.5 million, depending on the severity of injuries sustained in the dust explosion. The families of the twelve people who had died were compensated NT$8.25 million.[40][41]

On 16 October 2015, Shilin District prosecutors charged the event organizer, Lu Chung-chi, with negligence during the disaster; owners of the park were not indicted.[42] Lu was found guilty of the charges in April 2016.[43] In June 2016, the Supreme Court authorized the seizure of NT$507 million in assets from the park's senior administration.[44] The National Health Insurance Administration also sought compensation worth NT$436 million from event organizers in court, claiming that the total medical cost incurred by the NHIA totaled NT$765 million.[45]

Aftermaths

After the accident, the government has adopted several emergency-related measures, such as the easing of the requirements for National Health Insurance coverage for burn victims, importing large amount of artificial skin and cadaver.[46]

References

  1. 1 2 "Color Play Asia fire claims another life, after five months". Taipei Times. 30 November 2015. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 "八仙樂園粉塵爆炸 外交部證實：8名外籍人士受傷". Liberty Times Net. 30 June 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Jennings, Ralph (June 29, 2015). "Investigators focus on causes of weekend fire at Taiwan theme park that burned 500". Associated Press. Retrieved 2016-07-27.
  4. ↑ "Number of injured rises to 516 in water park explosion". Focus Taiwan (28 June 2015). Central News Agency. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  5. ↑ Wu, J. R.; Chuang, Pichi (28 June 2015). "Taiwan probes water park fire as tally of injured put at 498". Reuters.
  6. ↑ Chen, Claire; Wu, Jeffrey (29 November 2015). "Months after water park fire, 15th burn victim dies". Central News Agency. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  7. 1 2 Jennings, Ralph (27 June 2015). "More than 500 injured as fire hits Taiwan water park party". Associated Press. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  8. 1 2 Botelho, Greg; Wang, Kevin (27 June 2015). "Hundreds injured in explosion at Taiwan water park". CNN. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  9. ↑ Botelho, Greg; Wang, Kevin (28 June 2015). "More than 500 injured in explosion at Taiwan water park". CNN.
  10. 1 2 Hsu, Stacy (29 June 2015). "Water Park Inferno: Emergency declared after blaze". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-06-29.
  11. ↑ Chen Yijia (28 June 2014). "八仙彩色派對 8千人瘋玩粉". China Times. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  12. ↑ "彩色路跑灑粉霧 專家:遇火源恐爆炸". PTS News. 10 September 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Taiwan Formosa Water Park fire injures hundreds". BBC News. 28 June 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 Chung, Jake (June 30, 2015). "Water Park Inferno: Details of pre-blaze conditions emerge". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-07-12.
  15. ↑ Young, Angelo. "Taiwan Water Park Explodes, Injuring At Least 229 People Attending A 'Color Play' Party; Dust Explosion Was Likely Cause". International Business Times. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
  16. ↑ "Heavy dust, heat source may have caused explosion, says official". The China Post, Taiwan. 30 June 2015. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
  17. ↑ Agencies. "Taiwan water-park fire injures hundreds". Al Jazeera.com. Al Jazeera. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
  18. 1 2 3 4 "Taiwan probes water park fire as tally of injured reaches 519". Asia One. Reuters. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
  19. ↑ "Taiwan water park explosion injures nearly 500 people". The Guardian. 28 June 2015.
  20. ↑ "Water park ablaze: Over 200 injured in theme party fire in Taiwan". RT. 27 June 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  21. ↑ Chen, Claire; Wu, Jeffrey (29 November 2015). "Months after water park fire, 15th burn victim dies". Central News Agency. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
  22. ↑ "Israel to donate equipment to help Taiwan burn patients". China Times. Central News Agency (Republic of China). 26 July 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  23. ↑ "Death toll from water park inferno may rise". The China Post. July 4, 2015. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
  24. ↑ "Taiwan's fiery explosion claims another life". Focus Taiwan. 2015-07-02. Retrieved July 2, 2015.
  25. 1 2 Mullen, Jethro; Novak, Kathy; Kwon, K.J. (29 June 2015). "'All her skin was gone': Horrific aftermath of fireball at Taiwan water park". CNN. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
  26. 1 2 Forsythe, Michael (June 29, 2015). "Hundreds Treated for Burns After Fire at Taiwan Water Park". New York Times. Retrieved 2015-06-29.
  27. ↑ Hensley, Nicole; McShane, Larry (June 27, 2015). "Hundreds engulfed in flames in Taiwan water park as colored powder explodes, injuring at least 470 at 'Color Play Asia'". Daily News. Retrieved 2015-06-30.
  28. ↑ "Three foreign nationals hurt in party fire flown home from Taiwan". Want China Times. 30 June 2015. Retrieved 2015-06-30.
  29. ↑ "Father of recovering burn victim commits suicide". taipeitimes.com.
  30. ↑ "Suicidal man becomes first skin donor for burn patients in Taiwan｜WCT". wantchinatimes.com.
  31. ↑ "Coloured powder spray burns crowd in explosion at Formosa Fun Coast waterpark in Taiwan". News.com.au. 28 June 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  32. ↑ "Almost 500 injured in explosion at Taiwan water park". CNN. 28 June 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  33. ↑ "Water Park Inferno: Organizer apologizes as investigation begins". Taipei Times. 29 June 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
  34. ↑ "Injuries revised down to 498 in Taiwan water park blaze". Xinhua News Agency. 29 June 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
  35. ↑ "Citing need for skin, organ center calls for donations". Focus Taiwan. 2015-06-30. Retrieved 2015-07-12.
  36. ↑ Sun, Hsin-hsuan (July 1, 2015). "Donated skin needed for water park burn victims". The China Post. Retrieved 2015-07-12.
  37. ↑ "Mainland ready to help victims of Taiwan water park blaze". CCTV. 2 July 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
  38. ↑ "Taiwan to make sure China's offer of skin not from executed inmates". Want China Times. 3 July 2015. Retrieved 2015-07-03.
  39. ↑ "Water Park Inferno: Life-saving skin arrives from the US". Taipei Times. 4 July 2015. Retrieved 2015-07-04.
  40. ↑ Wang, Hung-kuo; Chen, Christie (6 October 2015). "Water park victims to receive donations based on severity of injuries". Central News Agency. Retrieved 7 October 2015.
  41. ↑ "Water park inferno victims to get at least NT$65,000". Taipei Times. 8 October 2015. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  42. ↑ Strong, Matthew (16 October 2015). "Water park survivors slam prosecutors". Taiwan News. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
  43. ↑ Pan, Jason (27 April 2016). "'Color Play Asia' organizer found guilty". Taipei Times. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  44. ↑ Pan, Jason (24 June 2016). "Court approves seizure of Formosa Fun Coast assets". Taipei Times. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
  45. ↑ "Recovery continues for victims of Color Play Asia disaster". Taipei Times. 22 June 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  46. ↑ "Taiwan's achievements in treating burn victims win praise in Europe - Society - FOCUS TAIWAN - CNA ENGLISH NEWS".
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