Palmyra Castle
| Palmyra Castle | |
|---|---|
| قلعة فخر الدين المعني | |
| Palmyra, Syria | |
|
View of the castle | |
  Fakhr-al-Din al-Ma'ani Castle | |
| Coordinates | 34°33′45.9″N 38°15′26.8″E / 34.562750°N 38.257444°E |
| Type | Castle |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by | Syrian Army |
| Condition | Largely intact but damaged |
| Site history | |
| Built | 13th century |
| Built by | Mamluks |
| Battles/wars | |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | i, ii, iv |
| Designated | 1980 (4th session) |
| Part of | Site of Palmyra |
| Reference no. | 23 |
| State Party |
 Syria |
| Region | Arab States |
| Endangered | 2013–present |
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Palmyra Castle, also known as Fakhr-al-Din al-Ma'ani Castle (Arabic: قلعة فخر الدين المعني), is a castle overlooking Palmyra in the province of Homs, Syria.
The castle is thought to have been built by the Mamluks in the 13th century[1] on a high hill overlooking the historic site of Palmyra, and is named for the Druze emir Fakhr-al-Din II, who extended the Druze domains to the region of Palmyra during the 16th century.
The site of the castle and Palmyra in 1980 became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in recognition of the monumental ruins of a great city, which was one of the most important cultural centres of the ancient world. The site was designated a national monument in Syria and a buffer zone was established in 2007.[2]
The castle lying on raised bedrock was a well defended position for a fortification with thick and high walls, which was also surrounded by a moat that had only one access available through a drawbridge.
The historic site in 2013 was placed on the list of World Heritage Sites in Danger due to the ongoing Syrian Civil War.[3]
The castle was captured by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant during the Palmyra offensive in May 2015.[4] It was recaptured by Syrian government forces in another offensive in March 2016.[5] Retreating ISIS fighters blew up parts of the castle, including the stairway leading to the entrance, causing extensive damage. The basic structure is still intact, and Syrian director of antiquities Maamoun Abdelkarim stated that the damage is reparable and the castle is to be restored.[6]
See also
- List of castles in Syria
- List of World Heritage in Danger
- List of World Heritage Sites in the Arab States
- Al-Rahba
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Qasr Ibn Maʿan. |
- ↑ Warwick Ball, Syria: A Historical and Architectural Guide, 1994. ISBN 1-56656-665-7. p. 228
- ↑ "Site of Palmyra". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
- ↑ "Syria's priceless heritage under attack". BBC News. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
- ↑ Stromme, Lizzie (26 March 2016). "Ruthless Vladimir Putin helps Syrian forces SEIZE ancient Palmyra Castle from evil ISIS". Daily Express. Archived from the original on 27 March 2016.
- ↑ "Islamic State loses Palmyra citadel to Syrian army". Times of Malta. 25 March 2016. Archived from the original on 27 March 2016.
- ↑ Said, H.; Raslan, Rasha; Sabbagh, Hazem (26 March 2016). "Palmyra Castle partially damaged due to ISIS acts, plans to restore it to its former glory". Syrian Arab News Agency. Archived from the original on 27 March 2016.