Euphemia Haynes
| Martha Euphemia Lofton Haynes | |
|---|---|
| Born |
11 September 1890 Washington, D.C. |
| Died |
25 July 1980 (aged 89) Washington, D.C., United States |
| Nationality | American |
| Fields | Mathematics |
| Alma mater | The Catholic University of America |
| Thesis | Determination of Sets of Independent Conditions Characterizing Certain Special Cases of Symmetric Correspondences (1943) |
| Doctoral advisor | Aubrey Edward Landry |
Martha Euphemia Lofton Haynes (September 11, 1890, Washington, D.C. – 25 July 1980, Washington, D.C.) was an American mathematician and educator. She was the first African-American woman to gain a PhD in mathematics, from the Catholic University of America in 1943.[1]
Life
Euphemia Lofton was the first child and only daughter of William S. Lofton, a dentist and financier, and Lavinia Day Lofton. She was the valedictorian of M Street High School in 1907 and then graduated from Washington D.C. Miner Normal School with distinction in 1909.[2] She went on to earn an undergraduate mathematics major (and psychology minor) from Smith College in 1914.[2] In 1917 she married Harold Appo Haynes. She gained a master's degree in education from the University of Chicago in 1930. In 1943 gained her PhD from The Catholic University of America with a dissertation, supervised by Aubrey Landrey, entitled The Determination of Sets of Independent Conditions Characterizing Certain Special Cases of Symmetric Correspondences.[1][2]
Dr. Haynes "contributed quite grandly to the educational system of the District of Columbia."[2] She taught in the public schools of Washington, D.C., for 47 years and was the first woman to chair the DC School Board. She taught first grade at Garrison and Garfield Schools, and mathematics at Armstrong High School. She taught mathematics and served as chair of the Math Department at Dunbar High School. Haynes was a professor of mathematics at Miner’s Teachers College where she was chair of the Division of Mathematics and Business Education, a department she created.[2]
She retired in 1959 from the public school system, but went on to establish the mathematics department at Miners Teacher's College. She also occasionally taught part-time at Howard University. Haynes was involved in many community activities. She served as first vice president of the Archdiocesan Council of Catholic Women, chair of the Advisory Board of Fides Neighborhood House, on the Committee of International Social Welfare, on the Executive Committee of the National Social Welfare Assembly, secretary and member of the Executive Committee of the DC Health and Welfare Council, on the local and national committees of the United Service Organization, a member of the National Conference of Christians and Jews, Catholic Interracial Council of Washington, the Urban League, NAACP, League of Women Voters, and the American Association of University Women.
Dr. Haynes was awarded the Papal Medal–Pro Ecclesia et Pontific from the Catholic Church in 1959. Euphemia Lofton Haynes died on July 25, 1980 in her hometown, Washington, D.C. She had set up a trust fund to support a professorial chair and student loan fund in the School of Education, giving $700,000 to Catholic University. She died of a heart attack in 1980. Her family papers are housed in the Catholic University archives.[2]
References
- 1 2 Larry Riddle, Euphemia Lofton Haynes, Biographies of Women Mathematicians at Agnes Scott College
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mazzenga, Maria (February 4, 2016). "The Archivist's Nook: African American History? You're Standing On It". The Catholic University of America. Retrieved February 8, 2016.
External links
- Williams, Scott W. (1 July 2001). "Martha Euphemia Lofton Haynes, first African American woman mathematician". Mathematicians of the African diaspora. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
- Martha Euphemia Lofton-Haynes: Mathematician, Educator, and Mentor
- Robin Weatherl, Euphemia L. Haynes, Leading the Way for Women in Mathematics, The Young Women's Online Journal of Teaching and Learning Mathematics