Embraer E-Jet family

E-Jet family
E170 / E175 / E190 / E195
A white, green and red Embraer E175 aircraft in landing configuration.
Embraer E175 of Alitalia CityLiner at Barcelona (2015)
Role Narrow-body jet airliner
National origin Brazil
Manufacturer Embraer
First flight February 19, 2002
Introduction March 17, 2004 with LOT Polish Airlines
Status In service
Primary users Republic Airlines
Azul Brazilian Airlines
JetBlue Airways
Compass Airlines
Produced 2001–present
Number built 1276
As of 30 September 2016[1]
Unit cost
E170: US$38.7 million
E190: US$46.2 million[2]
E195: US$47.0 million[3]
(2012 prices)
Variants Embraer Lineage 1000
Developed into Embraer E-Jet E2 family

The Embraer E-Jet family is a series of narrow-body medium-range twin-engine jet airliners produced by Brazilian aerospace conglomerate Embraer. Launched at the Paris Air Show in 1999, and entering production in 2002, the aircraft series has been a commercial success primarily for safety and efficiency offered by them.[4] The aircraft is used by mainline and regional airlines around the world. As of 30 September 2015, there is a backlog of 263 firm orders for the E-Jets, 433 options and 1158 units delivered.[5]

Design and development

An Embraer E170 in new livery of launch customer LOT Polish Airlines landing at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol (2012)

The Embraer E-Jets line is composed of two main commercial families and a business jet variant. The smaller E170 and E175 make up the base model aircraft. The E190 and E195 are stretched versions, with different engines and larger wing, horizontal stabilizer and landing gear structures. The 170 and 175 share 95% commonality, as do the 190 and 195. The two families share near 89% commonality, with identical fuselage cross-sections and avionics, featuring the Honeywell Primus Epic Electronic flight instrument system (EFIS) suite.[6] The E-jets also have winglets to improve efficiency.

All E-Jets use four-abreast seating (2+2) and have a "double-bubble" design, which Embraer developed for its commercial passenger jets, that provides stand-up headroom. The E190/195 series of aircraft have capacities similar to the initial versions of the McDonnell Douglas DC-9 and Boeing 737, which have always been considered mainline airliners.[7] The E-Jets have turbofan engines designed to reduce noise, which allows them to operate in airports that have strict noise restrictions, such as London City Airport.[8]

Interior of single-aisle jet aircraft, with people seated. Light illuminate the ceiling as a female stands near the front of aircraft
Interior of an Embraer E170

Embraer first disclosed that it was studying a new 70-seat aircraft, which it called the EMB 170, in 1997, concurrently with announcing the development of its ERJ 135.[9] The EMB 170 was to feature a new wing and larger-diameter fuselage mated to the nose and cockpit of the ERJ 145.[10][11] In February 1999, Embraer announced it had abandoned the derivative approach in favour of an all-new design.[12][13]

The E-jet family was formally launched at the Paris Air Show on 14th June 1999[14] as ERJ-170 and ERJ-190, designations later changed to EMBRAER 170 and EMBRAER 190. Launch customers for the aircraft were the French airline Régional Compagnie Aérienne Européenne with ten orders and five options for the E170;[7] and the Swiss airline Crossair with an order for 30 E170s and 30 E190s.[15] Production of parts to build the prototype and test airframes began in July 2000.[16] The first prototype (PP-XJE)[17] rolled out on October 29th, 2001 [18] at São José dos Campos, Brazil. Its first flight occurred on February 19th, 2002, marking the beginning of a multi-year flight test campaign. Full production began in 2002, at a new factory built by Embraer at its São José dos Campos base.[19] After several delays in the certification process, the E170 received type certification from the aviation authorities of Brazil, Europe and the United States in February 2004.[20][21]

E-Jets Second Generation

In November 2011, Embraer announced that it would develop revamped versions of the E-Jets family with improved engines, rather than an all-new aircraft.[22] The new variants are to be powered by new more efficient engines with larger diameter fans, and include slightly taller landing gear, and possibly a new aluminum or carbon fiber-based wing. The new E-Jet variants are to be better-positioned to compete with the Bombardier CSeries. The new variants are to enter service in 2018.[23]

GE, Pratt & Whitney, and Rolls-Royce were possible engine suppliers for Embraer E-Jet family. However, there is Aviadvigatel as a possible Russian option .[24] Pratt & Whitney's geared turbofan engine was selected in January 2013 for the new E-Jets versions.[25][26] The Honeywell Primus Epic 2 was selected as the avionics package.[27]

In February 2012, Embraer announced it was studying the development of a new variant with 130 seating capacity.[28] The study was expected to be completed by the end of 2012.[29]

Operational history

An Oman Air Embraer 175

The first E170s were delivered in the second week of March 2004 to LOT Polish Airlines, followed by US Airways subsidiary MidAtlantic Airways and Alitalia[21][30] (launch customer Crossair had in the meantime ceased to exist after its takeover of Swissair; and fellow launch customer Régional Compagnie Aérienne deferred its order,[31] not receiving its first E-jetan E190LRuntil 2006.[32]) LOT operated the first commercial flight of an E-jet on 17 March 2004, from Warsaw to Vienna.[33] The largest single order for any type of E-Jets has come from JetBlue, which ordered 100 Embraer 190s in 2003 and took its first delivery in 2005.[6]

The 400th E-jet was delivered in 2008, to Republic Airlines in the U.S.[34] On 6 November of that year, JetBlue set the record for the longest flight of the E-190 family when one of its aircraft made a non-stop flight from Anchorage, Alaska (Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport) to Buffalo, New York (Buffalo Niagara International Airport), a total of 2,694 nmi (4,989 km). This was an empty aircraft on a non-revenue flight. The aircraft eventually returned to JFK after a two-month-long charter service with Vice Presidential candidate Sarah Palin.[35] In September 2009, the 600th E-jet built was delivered to LOT Polish Airlines.[36] Kenya Airways received its 12th Ejet from Embraer which was also the 900th Ejet ever produced on October 10, 2012.[37]

On 13 September 2013, a ceremony was held at the Embraer factory in São José dos Campos to mark the delivery of the 1,000th E-jet family aircraft, an E175, to Republic Airlines. The E175 was delivered in an American Eagle colour scheme with a special "1,000th E-Jet" decal above the cabin windows.[34][38]

Variants

An Air Canada E175 on climb-out
Flybe E195
Flight deck of a 190 Lineage 1000

E170 and E175

The E170/E175 models[7] in the 80-seat range are the smaller in the EJet family. They are powered with General Electric CF34-8E engines of 14,200 pounds (62.28 kN) thrust each. The E170 and E175 directly compete with the Bombardier CRJ-700 and Bombardier CRJ-900, respectively, and loosely compete with the turboprop Bombardier Q400. They also seek to replace the market segment occupied by earlier competing designs such as the BAe 146 and Fokker 70.

The Embraer 170 was the first version produced. The prototype 170-001, registration PP-XJE, was rolled out on 29 October 2001, with first flight 119 days later on 19 February 2002. The aircraft was displayed to the public in May 2002 at the Regional Airline Association convention. After a positive response from the airline community, Embraer launched the E175. First flight of the stretched E175 was on June 2003.[20] The launch U.S. customer for the E170[7] was US Airways, after FAA certification, the aircraft entered into revenue service on April 4, 2004 operated by the MidAtlantic division of US Airways, Inc. The first E175 was delivered to Air Canada and entered service in July 2005.[20] The 170-001 prototype performed its last flight on April 11, 2012. Its destiny was disassembly in the US for spare parts.

E190 and E195

The E190/195 models are a larger stretch of the E170/175 models fitted with a new, larger wing, a larger horizontal stabilizer and a new engine, the GE CF34-10E, rated at 18,500 lb (82.30 kN). These aircraft compete with the Bombardier CRJ-1000 and CS100, the Boeing 717-200 and 737-600, and the Airbus A318. It can carry up to 100 passengers in a two-class configuration or up to 124 in single-class high density configuration.[39]

The first flight of the E190 was on March 12, 2004 (PP-XMA),[40] with the first flight of the E195 (PP-XMJ)[40] on December 7 of the same year. The launch customer of the E190 was New York-based low-cost carrier JetBlue with 100 orders options in 2003 and took its first delivery in 2005.[6] British low-cost carrier Flybe was the first operator of the E195, had 14 orders and 12 options, and started E195 operations on 22 September 2006.[41]

Air Canada operates 45 E190 aircraft fitted with 9 business-class and 88 economy-class seats as part of its primary fleet. JetBlue and American Airlines also operate the E190 as part of their own fleet thus allowing airlines increased crewing flexibility by having the ability of cabin crews to work aboard narrow-body or widebody aircraft.

Embraer Lineage 1000

Main article: Embraer Lineage 1000
Embraer Lineage 1000 at the 2009 Dubai Airshow

On 2 May 2006, Embraer announced plans for the business jet variant of the E190,[7] type name ERJ190-100 ECJ. It has the same structure as the E190, but with an extended range of up to 4,200 nmi, and luxury seating for up to 19. It was certified by the USA Federal Aviation Administration on 7 January 2009. The first two production aircraft were delivered in December 2008.

Undeveloped variants

E195X

Embraer considered producing an aircraft which was known as the E195X, a stretched version of the E195. It would have seated approximately 130 passengers. The E195X was apparently a response to an American Airlines request for an aircraft to replace its McDonnell Douglas MD-80s.[42] Embraer abandoned plans for the 195X in May 2010, following concerns that its range would be too short.[43]

Operators

An Embraer 190 of KLM Cityhopper lands at Bristol Airport, England (2016)
A Bulgaria Air Embraer 190 at Frankfurt Airport, Germany (2014)

As of December 2015, the Embraer fleet consists of the following aircraft:[44]

White and blue jet aircraft being pulled on ramp towards left under cloudy sky.
Lufthansa Cityline E195LR.

Orders and deliveries

List of Embraer's E-Jet family deliveries and orders:

Model Firm Orders Options Deliveries Firm Order Backlog
E170 193 6 190 3
E175 525 276 395 130
E190 590 55 531 59
E195 166 3 151 15
Total 1474 340 1267 207

Source: Embraer's order book on September 30, 2016.[46]

Accidents and incidents

Specifications

Variant E170
(ERJ170-100)
E175
(ERJ170-200)
E190
(ERJ190-100)
E195
(ERJ190-200)
Flight deck crew 2 pilots
Passenger capacity 80 (1-class, 29 in/30 in pitch)
78 (1-class, 30 in/31 in)
70 (1-class, 32 in)
70 (2-class, 36 in/32 in)
[53]
88 (1-class, 30 in pitch)
86 (1-class, 31 in)
78 (1-class, 32 in)
78 (2-class, standard)
[54]
114 (1-class, 29 in/30 in pitch)
106 (1-class, 31 in)
98 (1-class, 32 in)
94 (2-class, standard)
[55]
122 (1-class, 30 in/31 in pitch)
118 (1-class, 31 in)
108 (1-class, 32 in)
106 (2-class, standard)
[56]
Length 29.90 m
(98 ft 1 in)
31.68 m (103 ft 11 in) 36.24 m (118 ft 11 in) 38.65 m
(126 ft 10 in)
Wingspan 26.00 m (85 ft 4 in) 26.00 m (85 ft 4 in) /
28.70 m (94 ft 2 in) (Enhanced Wing Tip version)
28.72 m (94 ft 3 in)
Height 9.67 m
(32 ft 4 in)
10.57[57] m
(34 ft 7 in)
Empty Weight 21,140 kg (46,610 lb) 21,810 kg (48,080 lb) 28,080 kg (61,910 lb) 28,970 kg (63,870 lb)
Maximum takeoff weight 35,990 kg (79,340 lb) (STD)
37,200 kg (82,000 lb) (LR)
38,600 kg (85,100 lb) (AR)
37,500 kg (82,700 lb) (STD)
38,790 kg (85,520 lb) (LR)
40,370 kg (89,000 lb) (AR)
47,790 kg (105,360 lb) (STD)
50,300 kg (110,900 lb) (LR)
51,800 kg (114,200 lb) (AR)
48,790 kg (107,560 lb) (STD)
50,790 kg (111,970 lb) (LR)
52,290 kg (115,280 lb) (AR)
Max payload weight 9,100 kg (20,100 lb) (STD&LR)
9,840 kg (21,690 lb) (AR)
10,080 kg (22,220 lb) (STD&LR)
10,360 kg (22,840 lb) (AR)
13,080 kg (28,840 lb) 13,650 kg (30,090 lb)
Takeoff Run at MTOW 1,644 m (5,394 ft) 2,244 m (7,362 ft) 2,056 m (6,745 ft) 2,179 m (7,149 ft)
Powerplants GE CF34-8E turbofans
61.4 kN (13,800 lbf) thrust each
63.2 kN (14,200 lbf) APR thrust each
GE CF34-10E turbofans
82.3 kN (18,500 lbf) thrust each
89 kN (20,000 lbf) APR thrust each
Maximum speed 890 km/h (481 kn, Mach 0.82)
Range STD: 3,334 km (1,800 nmi)
LR: 3,889 km (2,100 nmi)
AR: 3,982 km (2,150 nmi)
STD: 3,241 km (1,750 nmi)
LR: 3,982 km (2,150 nmi)
AR: 4,074 km (2,200 nmi)
STD: 3,426 km (1,850 nmi)
LR: 4,445 km (2,400 nmi)
AR: 4,537 km (2,450 nmi)
STD: 2,963 km (1,600 nmi)
LR: 3,704 km (2,000 nmi)
AR: 4,260 km (2,300 nmi)
Maximum fuel load 9,335 kg (20,580 lb) 12,971 kg (28,596 lb)
Service ceiling 12,500 m (41,000 ft)
Thrust-to-weight 0.42:1 0.39:1 0.41:1 0.39:1
Fuselage and cabin cross-section
Outer width 3.01 m (9 ft 11 in)
Cabin width 2.74 m (9 ft 0 in)
Outer height 3.35 m (11 ft 0 in)
Cabin height 2.00 m (6 ft 7 in)

Sources: Embraer Ejet[58]

See also

Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
Related lists

References

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