El Atazar Dam

El Atazar Dam

The dam in 2014
Country Spain
Location Community of Madrid
Coordinates 40°54′44″N 3°28′24″W / 40.91222°N 3.47333°W / 40.91222; -3.47333Coordinates: 40°54′44″N 3°28′24″W / 40.91222°N 3.47333°W / 40.91222; -3.47333
Status Completed
Construction began 1968
Dam and spillways
Height (foundation) 134 m (440 ft)
Length 52.3 m (171.6 ft)
Reservoir
Creates El Atazar Reservoir
Total capacity 426 hm3 (1.50×1010 cu ft)
Surface area 10.7 km²
The reservoir

El Atazar Dam is an arch dam built near Madrid, Spain on the Lozoya River, very close to where the Lozoya joins the Jarama. The curved design of the dam is optimum for the narrow gorge in which it was built to retain water in the reservoir. Arch dams are thin and require less material to construct than other dam types.[1]

When the dam was built, the decision was made to use the dam to store and regulate water only and not to provide energy. Construction started on the dam in 1968 and finished in 1972.

Design

The dam is 134 m (440 ft) high and 52.3 m (171.6 ft) wide at the foundation. The reservoir capacity is 424,000,000 m3 (344,000 acre feet). It is a double curvature concrete arch buttress design.[2]

Problems

Monitoring of the dam revealed abnormal movement. Although dams normally move, the left side of the El Atazar Dam was moving more than the right because a support built on the dam's right made that side less flexible. In 1977 a crack was noticed in the dam. By 1979 the crack had grown to 46 m (150 ft) in length and was repaired. Inspection in 1983 revealed that the settling in the foundations and the movements of the dam had caused fracturing in the rock, resulting in significantly increasing the foundation's permeability. The crack has been treated and since then the problems have abated.[3]

Notes

  1. ↑ "Dam basics". PBS. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  2. ↑ "El Atazar Background". Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  3. ↑ "El Atazar Problem". q menzos son. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
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