Egnatia (gens)
The gens Egnatia was a plebeian family of equestrian rank at Rome.[1]
Origin
The Egnatii were of Samnite origin, and at least some of them had settled at Teanum. At the end of the Social War, the greater part of these appear to have removed to Rome, where two of them were admitted into the senate, though a branch of the family seems to have remained at Teanum.[1][2]
Praenomina used
The first of the Egnatii known to history bore the Oscan praenomina Gellius and Marius. The Egnatii who settled at Rome favoured Gnaeus, but also made use of Gaius, Lucius, Marcus, and Publius.[1]
Branches and cognomina
The following surnames were borne by members of this gens: Celer, Maximus, Rufus, and Veratius. Celer means "swift," while Maximus is "great" or "greatest." Rufus means "red," and would typically be given to someone with red hair or a ruddy complexion.[1]
Members
- This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.
- Gellius Egnatius, the leader of the Samnites in the third great Samnite War, which broke out in 298 BC. Three years later, he was slain in battle following the devotion of the consul Publius Decius Mus.[3]
- Marius Egnatius, one of the principal leaders of the Italian allies in the Social War. Livius calls him the leader of the Samnites. In 90 BC, he captured Venafrum, and subsequently put the army of the consul Lucius Julius Caesar to flight. In the following year Egnatius was killed in battle against the praetors Gaius Cosconius and Lucceius.[4][5]
- Gnaeus Egnatius, a man of somewhat disreputable character, was admitted into the Roman senate, but was subsequently expelled by the censors.[6]
- Egnatius Cn. f., like his father a member of the Roman senate, he retained that dignity when his father's name was struck off the rolls. He was disinherited by his father.[6]
- Egnatius (Cn. n.), accompanied Marcus Licinius Crassus on his expedition against the Parthians, and after the great defeat which Crassus sustained (53 BC), escaped from the scene of the disaster with three hundred horsemen.[7]
- Gaius Egnatius Cn. f. Cn. n. Maximus, appears on several coins apparently struck during the time of Gaius Julius Caesar. He is probably the same Egnatius Maximus mentioned by Cicero in 45 BC, and the same Egnatius mentioned without any surname in one or two other passages of Cicero.[8]
- Lucius Egnatius Rufus, an eques, and friend of Cicero, who carried on an extensive business as a farmer of the taxes, and a money-lender in the provinces. Both Cicero and his brother, Quintus, had pecuniary dealings with him. Cicero frequently recommends him to the governors of the provinces.[9][10]
- Egnatius Sidicinus, mentioned by Cicero as having had some money transactions with him.[11]
- Egnatii, father and son, were included in the proscription of the year 43 BC, and were slain by a single blow, while locked in each other's arms.[12]
- Marcus Egnatius (L. f.), aedile in 20 BC, and praetor the following year, in contravention of the laws; he sought the consulship of 18, but the consul Gaius Sentius Saturninus refused to receive his name as one of the candidates. He then joined a plot to murder Augustus, but was detected, imprisoned, and executed.[13][14][15]
- Egnatius, a poet who wrote before Vergil. Macrobius quotes some lines from his poem, De Rerum Natura.[16]
- Publius Egnatius Celer, a Stoic philosopher, who served as an informer under the emperor Nero. He was condemned to death during the reign of Vespasian.
- Egnatia Maximilla, a descendant of that branch of the Egnatia gens which bore the surname of Maximus, is mentioned by Tacitus as the wife of Glicius Gallus, who was banished by the emperor Nero. She accompanied her husband in his exile.[17]
- Gnaeus Egnatius Veratius, a Roman historian, mentioned only by Aurelius Victor.[18]
See also
References
- 1 2 3 4 Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
- ↑ Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Cluentio 48, Epistulae ad Atticum vi. 1.
- ↑ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita x. 18-29.
- ↑ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita Epitome lxxv.
- ↑ Appianus, Bellum Civile i. 40, 41, 45.
- 1 2 Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Cluentio 48.
- ↑ Plutarchus, Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans Crassus 27.
- ↑ Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum xiii. 34, 45 ff.
- ↑ Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares xiii. 43-45, 47, 73, 74.
- ↑ Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum vii. 18. § 4, x. 15. § 4, xi. 3. § 3, xii. 18. § 3.
- ↑ Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum vi. 1. § 23.
- ↑ Appianus, Bellum Civile iv. 21.
- ↑ Marcus Velleius Paterculus, Compendium of Roman History ii. 91-93.
- ↑ Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus, Roman History liii. 24.
- ↑ Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, De Vita Caesarum Augustus 19.
- ↑ Ambrosius Theodosius Macrobius, Saturnalia vi. 5.
- ↑ Publius Cornelius Tacitus, Annales xv. 71.
- ↑ Sextus Aurelius Victor, De Origo Gentis Romanae (attributed) init.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "article name needed". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.
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