Desulfotomaculum
| Desulfotomaculum | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Firmicutes |
| Class: | Clostridia |
| Order: | Clostridiales |
| Family: | Peptococcaceae |
| Genus: | Desulfotomaculum Campbell & Postgate 1965 |
| Type species | |
| Desulfotomaculum nigrificans[1] | |
| Species | |
|
D. acetoxidans[1] | |
Desulfotomaculum is a genus of Gram-positive, obligately anaerobic soil bacteria. A type of sulfate-reducing bacteria, Desulfotomaculum can cause food spoilage in poorly processed canned foods. Their presence can be identified by the release of hydrogen sulfide gas with its rotten egg smell when the can is first opened. They are endospore-forming bacteria.
A new strain of Desulfotomaculum was discovered in 2005 during drilling 2.8 km deep in the Mponeng gold mine in South Africa. The strain, found in water which has been isolated for tens of millions of years, exists completely independent of photosynthesis.[2] The bacteria uses radiolytically-produced H2, which is generated in that environment by the energy released by radioisotopes, as well as SO42− which may be generated both by the energy released by radioisotopes as well as by other chemical reactions, to form hydrogen sulfide, H2S, which replaces the hydrogen bonds produced by normal photosynthesis. This discovery holds great promise, as it proves that organisms can obtain energy from sources other than from the sun, which means similar life-forms may be found on other planets in the Solar System.
Desulfotomaculum are straight or curved rods, are highly heat resistant and a free-living fixer of atmospheric nitrogen. They are motile with a peritrichous flagella and are common inhabitants of soil, water, geothermal run-off, insect intestines and in rumen. They also cause "sulphide stinker" spoilage of canned foods.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 LPSN bacterio.net
- ↑ Li-Hung Lin; Pei-Ling Wang; Douglas Rumble; Johanna Lippmann-Pipke; Erik Boice; Lisa M. Pratt; Barbara Sherwood Lollar; Eoin L. Brodie; Terry C. Hazen; Gary L. Andersen; Todd Z. DeSantis; Duane P. Moser; Dave Kershaw; T. C. Onstott (2006). "Long-Term Sustainability of a High-Energy, Low-Diversity Crustal Biome". Science. 314 (5798): 479–82. doi:10.1126/science.1127376. PMID 17053150.
- Madigan M; Martinko J (editors). (2005). Brock Biology of Microorganisms (11th ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-144329-1.
- "Gold mine holds life untouched by the Sun". New Scientist. 19 October 2006. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
- "Bacteria that use radiated water for food discovered two miles down". Phys.org. 19 October 2006. Retrieved 6 September 2016.