Demetrius of Esztergom

His Eminence
Demetrius
Cardinal Archbishop of Esztergom

Seal of Archbishop Demetrius
Archdiocese Archdiocese of Esztergom
Appointed 16 August 1378
Term ended 23 January 1387
Predecessor John de Surdis
Successor John Kanizsai
Other posts Bishop of Zagreb
Bishop of Transylvania
Bishop of Syrmia
Orders
Created Cardinal 18 October 1378
by Pope Urban VI
Personal details
Died 20 February 1387
Denomination Roman Catholicism

Demetrius (Hungarian: Demeter; died 20 February 1387), was a Hungarian cardinal and politician, who served as archbishop of Esztergom and bishop of Zagreb and Transylvania, and chancellor.

Origins and early career

Nothing is known about the origin of Demetrius, who would rise to the highest ecclesiastical titles, but it is presumed that he came from a family of peasants. His father was a certain Peter. He was raised together with King Charles I's eldest son, Louis, who would become King Louis I in 1342.

In 1356, he became Keeper of the Seals. Three years later, he was put in charge of the royal treasury. According to historian Pál Engel, the office of treasurer was emerged into permanent status by 1377, possibly on the initiative of Demetrius himself. At this time, he began his ecclesiastical career, becoming canon of Pécs in 1363 and provost of Eger. In 1364, Pope Urban V appointed him bishop of Sirmia but Demetrius did not assume the office until 1 April 1365. On 28 June 1368, Demetrius was also made bishop of Transylvania. During his tenure as bishop of Transylvania, Demetrius had a cloister built for the Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit.

As chancellor and cardinal

Demetrius, recently created Chancellor of the Kingdom (a post he would hold until his death), had to leave the court having been given the bishopric of Zagreb by Pope Gregory XI on 23 January 1376. On 16 August 1378, Pope Urban VI appointed him archbishop of Esztergom and made him a cardinal on 18 October. Demetrius never visited Rome as a cardinal and became papal ambassador in Hungary. As archbishop of Esztergom, Demetrius officiated at the funeral of King Louis I on 16 September 1382 and crowned Mary, Louis I's elder daughter and successor on the Hungarian throne, the following day in Székesfehérvár Basilica. In 1384, Cardinal Demetrius travelled to Poland accompanying Louis I's younger daughter, Saint Hedwig, who had been elected to succeed her father on the throne of Poland.

In August 1385, the Archbishop performed the marriage ceremony between Queen Mary and Sigismund of Luxembourg, thus infuriating the Queen's mother and regent, Elizabeth of Bosnia. The queen dowager wanted to retaliate to the marriage by trying to deprive the archbishop of his see.[1] Sigismund soon left the kingdom, enabling the Hungarian nobility to invite King Charles III of Naples, the heir male of Louis I, to claim the throne. Charles successfully invaded Hungary and dethroned Mary. On 31 December 1385, Demetrius crowned him king of Hungary in the presence of the former queen, Mary, and the queen dowager, Elizabeth. However, Queen Elizabeth had King Charles II stabbed to death in her apartments. Sigismund returned to Hungary shortly after to be crowned king as Mary's co-ruler, but Demetrius died before the coronation took place.

References

  1. Goodman, 223.

Bibliography

External links

Demetrius
Died: 20 February 1387
Political offices
Preceded by
Demetrius Marjádi (?)
Royal treasurer
1359–1370
Succeeded by
John de Surdis
Religious titles
Preceded by
Thomas
Bishop of Syrmia
1364–1368
Succeeded by
Stephen Paksi
Preceded by
Dominic Szécsi
Bishop of Transylvania
1368–1376
Succeeded by
Goblin
Preceded by
Stephen Kanizsai
Bishop of Zagreb
1376–1378
Succeeded by
Paul Horvat
Preceded by
John de Surdis
Archbishop of Esztergom
1378–1387
Succeeded by
John Kanizsai
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