Dedicated short-range communications
Dedicated short-range communications are one-way or two-way short-range to medium-range wireless communication channels specifically designed for automotive use[1] and a corresponding set of protocols and standards.
History
In October 1999, the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allocated 75 MHz of spectrum in the 5.9 GHz band to be used by intelligent transportation systems (ITS).[2] In August 2008, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) allocated 30 MHz of spectrum in the 5.9 GHz band for ITS.[3]
By 2003, it was used in Europe and Japan in electronic toll collection.[4] DSRC systems in Europe, Japan and U.S. are not compatible and include some very significant variations (5.8 GHz, 5.9 GHz or even infrared, different baud rates, and different protocols).
Singapore's Electronic Road Pricing scheme uses DSRC technology for road use measurement. [5]
Other possible applications were:
- Emergency warning system for vehicles
- Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
- Cooperative Forward Collision Warning
- Intersection collision avoidance
- Approaching emergency vehicle warning (Blue Waves)
- Vehicle safety inspection
- Transit or emergency vehicle signal priority
- Electronic parking payments
- Commercial vehicle clearance and safety inspections
- In-vehicle signing
- Rollover warning
- Probe data collection
- Highway-rail intersection warning
- Electronic toll collection
Other short-range wireless protocols are IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth and CALM.
Standardization
The European standardization organisation European Committee for Standardization (CEN), sometimes in co-operation with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) developed some DSRC standards:
- EN 12253:2004 Dedicated Short-Range Communication – Physical layer using microwave at 5.8 GHz (review)
- EN 12795:2002 Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) – DSRC Data link layer: Medium Access and Logical Link Control (review)
- EN 12834:2002 Dedicated Short-Range Communication – Application layer (review)
- EN 13372:2004 Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) – DSRC profiles for RTTT applications (review)
- EN ISO 14906:2004 Electronic Fee Collection – Application interface
Each standard addresses different layers in the OSI model communication stack.
See also
References
- ↑ Harvey J. Miller and Shih-Lung Shaw (2001). Geographic Information Systems for Transportation. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-512394-8.
- ↑ "Federal Communications Commission. News Release, October 1999". FCC. Retrieved 2009-08-16.
- ↑ "European Telecommunications Standards Institute. News release, September 2008". ETSI. Retrieved 2009-08-16.
- ↑ "DSRC Standards: What's New?". ITS Standards Advisory number 3. US Department of Transportation. April 2003. Archived from the original on February 16, 2013. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
- ↑ "Traffic congestion pricing methodologies and technologies".
External links
- Performance Evaluation of Short-Range Communication Links for Road Transport & Traffic Telematics (German)
- A comparison of different technologies for EFC and other ITS applications
- Connectsafe Wireless Vehicle Communication System - University of South Australia
- Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) Fact Sheet – U.S. Department of Transportation ITS JPO