Copper(I) fluoride
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Copper(I) fluoride | |
| Systematic IUPAC name
Fluorocopper[1] | |
| Other names
Cuprous fluoride | |
| Identifiers | |
13478-41-6  | |
| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image Interactive image |
| ChemSpider | 2341261  |
| PubChem | 3084153 |
| |
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| Properties | |
| CuF | |
| Molar mass | 82.54 g·mol−1 |
| Density | 7.1 g cm−3 |
| Structure | |
| sphalerite | |
| Hazards | |
| US health exposure limits (NIOSH): | |
| PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[2] |
| REL (Recommended) |
TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[2] |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) |
TWA 100 mg/m3 (as Cu)[2] |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| verify (what is ?) | |
| Infobox references | |
Copper(I) fluoride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CuF. Its existence is uncertain. It was reported in 1933 to have a sphalerite-type crystal structure.[3] Modern textbooks state that CuF is not known,[4] since fluorine is so electronegative that it will always oxidise copper to its +2 oxidation state.[5] Complexes of CuF such as [(Ph3P)3CuF] are, however, known and well characterised.[6]
Synthesis and reactivity
It can be formed by the reduction of copper(II) fluoride. Unlike copper(I) chloride, copper(I) fluoride tends to disproportionate into copper(II) fluoride and copper in a one-to-one ratio at ambient conditions, unless it is stabilised through complexation as in the example of [Cu(N2)F].[7]
- 2CuF → Cu + CuF2
As a result of this disproportiontion, samples slowly become light cyan, the colour of copper(II) fluoride.
See also
- Copper(II) fluoride, the other simple fluoride of copper
References
- ↑ "Copper Monofluoride - PubChem Public Chemical Database". The PubChem Project. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information.
- 1 2 3 "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0150". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ↑ Ebert, F.; Woitinek, H. (1933). "Kristallstrukturen von Fluoriden. II. HgF, HgF2, CuF und CuF2". Z. anorg. allg. Chem. 210 (3): 269–272. doi:10.1002/zaac.19332100307.
- ↑ Housecroft, C. E.; Sharpe, A. G. (2008). Inorganic Chemistry (3rd ed.). Prentice Hall. pp. 737–738. ISBN 978-0131755536.
- ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 1183–1185. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.
- ↑ Gulliver, D. J.; Levason, W.; Webster, M. (1981). "Coordination Stabilised Copper(I) Fluoride. Crystal and Molecular Structure of Fluorotris(triphenylphosphine)copper(I)·Ethanol (1/2), Cu(PPh3)3F·2EtOH". Inorg. Chim. Acta. 52: 153–159. doi:10.1016/S0020-1693(00)88590-4.
- ↑ Francis, Simon G.; Matthews, Steven L.; Poleshchuk, Oleg Kh; Walker, Nicholas R.; Legon, Anthony C. (2006-09-25). "N2-Cu-F: A Complex of Dinitrogen and Cuprous Fluoride Characterized by Rotational Spectroscopy". Angewandte Chemie. 118 (38): 6489–6491. doi:10.1002/ange.200601988.