Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture

Bayingolin Prefecture
巴音郭楞州 • بايىنغولىن ئوبلاستى‎ • ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠧᠦ
Autonomous prefectures
Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
巴音郭楞蒙古自治州
بايىنغولىن موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى‎
ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ

Bayanbulak grassland in Hejing County.

Bayingolin Mongol prefecture (red) in Xinjiang (orange)
Country People's Republic of China
Region Xinjiang
Time zone China Standard (UTC+8)
Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
Chinese name
Chinese 巴音郭楞蒙古自治州
Shorter name
Chinese 巴音郭楞州
Literal meaning Bayingolin Prefecture
Shortest name
Chinese 巴州
Literal meaning Bā Prefecture
Mongolian name
Mongolian script ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ
Uyghur name
Uyghur
بايىنغولىن موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى
Bayingolin
Chinese name
Chinese 巴音郭楞
Literal meaning rich river (from Mongolian)
Mongolian name
Mongolian script ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ
Uyghur name
Uyghur
بايىنغولىن

Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, often abbreviated to Bayingol (literally "rich river"),[1] is an autonomous prefecture of the People's Republic of China, bordering Gansu to the east, Qinghai to the southeast, and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the south. It is the largest prefecture-level division nationally, with an area of 462,700 km2 (178,600 sq mi), even larger than its neighbouring province of Gansu. The prefectural capital is Korla.

Demographics

According to the 2000 census, Bayingolin has 1,056,970 inhabitants (population density: 2.28 per km²).

Ethnic groups in Bayingolin

When Bayingolin was first established in 1954, it was an area with the Mongols comprising 35% of the prefecture's population.[2] However, in 1960, the Chinese government annexed to it a neighbouring Uyghur area, after which the prefecture occupied one-third of Xinjiang's, and the Uyghurs far out-numbered the Mongols.[3] Due to steady immigration, the Han Chinese population has also increased significantly. In 1947, there were reportedly only 1,682 Han Chinese in Xinjiang's Eighth District (roughly corresponding to today's Bayingolin in area), and that increased to over 660,000 in 2004.[3][4]

In 2000, the ethnic balance was as follows:

Ethnic group Population Percentage
Han 607,774 57.5%
Uyghur 345,595 32.7%
Hui 52,252 4.94%
Mongol 43,544 4.12%
Other 7,805 0.74%

Subdivisions

Bayin'gholin directly controls 1 county-level city, 7 counties and 1 Hui autonomous county.

# Name Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Uyghur (UEY) Uyghur Latin (ULY) Mongolian Population (2010 Census) Area (km²) Density (/km²)
1 Korla 库尔勒市 Kù'ěrlè Shì كورلا شەھىرى Korla Shehiri ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ 549,324 7,219 76.09
2 Luntai [Bügür] County 轮台县 Lúntái Xiàn بۈگۈر ناھىيىسى Bügür Nahiyisi 116,166 14,185 8.18
3 Yuli [Lopnur] County 尉犁县 Yùlí Xiàn لوپنۇر ناھىيىسى Lopnur Nahiyisi 96,068 59,402 1.61
4 Ruoqiang [Qarkilik] County 若羌县 Ruòqiāng Xiàn چاقىلىق ناھىيىسى Chaqiliq Nahiyisi 35,580 199,222 0.17
5 Qiemo [Qarqan] County 且末县 Qiěmò Xiàn چەرچەن ناھىيىسى Cherchen Nahiyisi 65,572 138,680 0.47
6 Hejing County 和静县 Héjìng Xiàn خېجىڭ ناھىيىسى Xéjing Nahiyisi 160,804 34,984 4.59
7 Hoxud County 和硕县 Héshuò Xiàn خوشۇت ناھىيىسى Xoshut Nahiyisi 72,556 12,754 5.68
8 Bohu [Bagrax] County 博湖县 Bóhú Xiàn باغراش ناھىيىسى Baghrash Nahiyisi 54,788 3,597 15.23
9 Yanqi Hui Autonomous County 焉耆回族自治县 Yānqí Huízú Zìzhìxiàn يەنجى خۇيزۇ ئاپتونوم ناھىيىسى Yenji Xuyzu Aptonom Nahiyisi 127,628 2,429 52.54

See also

References

  1. ↑ The official spelling is "Bayingolin" according to Zhōngguó Dìmínglù (simplified Chinese) (Beijing, SinoMaps Press 中国地图出版社 1997); ISBN 7-5031-1718-4; p. 300.
  2. ↑ Atwood, Christopher (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. Facts on File. p. 39.
  3. 1 2 Gardner Bovingdon (2010). "Chapter 2 - Heteronomy and Its Discontents". The Uyghurs - strangers in their own land. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-14758-3.
  4. ↑ Bovingdon, Gardner (2010). "Note 9 (Chapter 2)". The Uyghurs - strangers in their own land. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-14758-3.

External links

Coordinates: 39°20′N 87°37′E / 39.33°N 87.61°E / 39.33; 87.61

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