Arsenic pentafluoride

Arsenic pentafluoride
Names
IUPAC name
Arsenic pentafluoride
Other names
Arsenic(V) fluoride,
Arsorane, pentafluoro-
Identifiers
7784-36-3 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:30530 YesY
ChemSpider 74203 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.146
PubChem 82223
Properties
AsF5
Molar mass 169.9136 g mol−1
Appearance colorless gas
Density 2.138 kg/m3 (g/L)[1]
Melting point -79.8 ˚C[1]
Boiling point -52.8 ˚C[1]
Solubility Ethanol, Dimethylether, Benzene
Hazards
Toxic (T)
Dangerous for the environment (N)
R-phrases R23/25, R50/53
S-phrases (S1/2), S20/21, S28, S45, S60, S61
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., water Health code 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g., VX gas Reactivity code 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g., calcium Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
0
4
1
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
 [1910.1018] TWA 0.010 mg/m3[2]
REL (Recommended)
 Ca C 0.002 mg/m3 [15-minute][2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [5 mg/m3 (as As)][2]
Related compounds
Related group 5 fluorides
 Phosphorus pentafluoride
Antimony pentafluoride
Bismuth pentafluoride
Related compounds
 Arsenic pentachloride
Arsenic trifluoride
Arsenic pentoxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Arsenic pentafluoride is a chemical compound of arsenic and fluorine. The oxidation state of arsenic is +5.

Synthesis

Arsenic pentafluoride can be prepared by direct combination of arsenic and fluorine:[3]

2As + 5F2 → 2AsF5

It can also be prepared by the reaction of arsenic trifluoride and fluorine:

AsF3 + F2 → AsF5

or the addition of fluorine to arsenic pentoxide or arsenic trioxide.

2As2O5 + 10F2 → 4AsF5 + 5O2
2As2O3 + 10F2 → 4AsF5 + 3O2

Properties

Arsenic pentafluoride is a colourless gas and has a trigonal bipyramidal structure.[3] In the solid state the axial As-F bond lengths are 171.9 pm and the equatorial 166.8 pm.[3]

Reactions

Arsenic pentafluoride forms halide complexes and is a powerful acceptor as shown by the reaction with sulfur tetrafluoride forming an ionic complex.[4]

AsF5 + SF4 → SF3+ + AsF6−

Safety

Arsenic pentafluoride is an extremely dangerous toxin, mainly poisoning liver cells. It has a smell that is similar to vinyl chloride gas.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 Record of Arsenic(V) fluoride in the GESTIS Substance Database of the IFA, accessed on 24/12/2007
  2. 1 2 3 "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0038". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. 1 2 3 Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.
  4. ↑ An investigation of the structures of the adducts of SF4 with BF3, PF5, AsF5, and SbF5 in the solid state and in solution in HF, M. Azeem, M. Brownstein, and R. J. Gillespie Can. J. Chem. 47(22): 4159–4167 (1969), doi:10.1139/v69-689
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