1184

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Year 1184 (MCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By area

Africa

• Yaqub al-Mansur becomes the third Almohad Caliph.
• The warlord Ali b. Ghaniya and his brother Yahya seize by surprise the Almohad-dominated cities of Constantine, Béjaïa and Algiers. While they are away from their base in Mallorca, one of their brothers, Muhammad, takes control of the island and calls in the Almohads whom intend to capture Mallorca for themselves. The Banu Ghaniya reenforcement arrives just in time from Africa to defeat the Almohads and reassert their domination of the island.^[1]

Asia

• February 19 – Second Battle of Uji: Minamoto no Yoshinaka is defeated by his cousins, Yoshitsune and Yoritomo, for the control of Japan.

Europe

• June 15 – Battle of Fimreite: King Sverre of Norway defeats and kills his rival, Magnus Erlingsson, to take the throne.
• The Almohads reconquer the Alentejo (except Évora) and besiege Lisbon on land and blockade the port with their navy. A Portuguese soldier manages to swim to the largest ship of the fleet and to sink it. This ship was so tall, it would have allowed the Muslims to easily reach the walls of the city. The next day, the Almohads have to retreat, taking with them a number of civilian captives.^[1] The Almohad army continues its campaign by the siege of Santarém, where the caliph, Abu Yaqub Yusuf is killed.
• The city of Abbeville receives its commercial charter.
• Archbishop Absalon of Lund wins a naval victory over Bogislav, duke of Pomerania.
• The streets of Paris in France are paved by order of Philip Augustus.
• A great fire at Glastonbury Abbey destroys several buildings.
• In England, first royal ordinance demanding that the knights Templar and Hospitaller assist in the collection of taxes.^[2]

By topic

Religion

• The Papal bull Ad Abolendam is issued against several European heretical groups: the Cathars, the Waldensians, the Patarines and the Humiliati. It is created after a landmark meeting in Verona between the Holy Roman Empire under Frederick Barbarossa and the Catholic Church under Pope Lucius III.

Births

• April 11 – William of Winchester, Lord of Lüneburg (d. 1213)
• Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany (approximate date; d. 1241)
• Saadi, Iranian poet (d. 1291)

Deaths

• February 16 – Richard of Dover, Archbishop of Canterbury
• March 27 – Giorgi III, King of Georgia
• June 15 – Magnus Erlingsson, King of Norway (b. 1156)
• July 29 – Yusuf I, Almohad Caliph

References