1,2-Dichloroethene

cis-1,2-Dichloroethene (Z) (left) and trans-1,2-Dichloroethene (E) (right)
Names
IUPAC name
1,2-Dichloroethene
Other names
1,2-Dichloroethylene
1,2-DCE
sym-Dichloroethylene
Identifiers
156-59-2 (Z) YesY
156-60-5 (E) YesY
540-59-0 (mixture of E and Z) YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:18882 YesY
ChemSpider 10438 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.007.956
KEGG C06792 YesY
PubChem 643833 (Z)
638186 (E)
10900 (mixture of E and Z)
Properties
C2H2Cl2
Molar mass 96.95 g/mol
Appearance clear liquid[1]
Odor acrid, chloroform-like[1]
Density Z: 1.28 g/cm³
E: 1.26 g/cm³
Melting point Z: -81.47 °C
E: -49.44 °C
Boiling point Z: 60.2 °C
E: 48.5 °C
Z: 1.9 D
E: 0 D
Hazards
Flash point 2–4 °C; 36–39 °F; 275–277 K
Explosive limits 5.6%-12.8%[1]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
770 mg/kg (oral, rat)
1275 mg/kg (oral, rat, trans-isomer)[2]
21,273 ppm (mouse, 6 hr, trans-isomer)[2]
16,000 ppm (rat, 6 hr, cis-isomer)[2]
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 200 ppm (790 mg/m3)[1]
REL (Recommended)
TWA 200 ppm (790 mg/m3)[1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
1000 ppm[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

1,2-Dichloroethene, commonly called 1,2-dichloroethylene or 1,2-DCE, is an organochloride with the molecular formula C2H2Cl2. It is a highly flammable, colorless liquid with a sharp, harsh odor. It can exist as either of two geometric isomers, cis-1,2-dichloroethene or trans-1,2-dichloroethene, but is often used as a mixture of the two. They have modest solubility in water. These compounds have few industrial applications,[3] although they are fundamental given their simple stoichiometries.

Production

cis-DCE, the Z isomer, is obtainable by the controlled chlorination of acetylene:

C2H2 + Cl2 → C2H2Cl2

Industrially both isomers arise as byproduct of the production of vinyl chloride, which is produced on a vast scale. Unlike vinyl chloride, the 1,2-dichloroethylene isomers do not polymerize.[3]

trans-DCE has applications including electronics cleaning, precision cleaning, and certain metal cleaning applications.[4]

Safety

These compounds have "moderate oral toxicity to rats."[3]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0195". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. 1 2 3 "1,2-Dichloroethylene". Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. 1 2 3 E.-L. Dreher; T. R. Torkelson; K. K. Beutel (2011). "Chlorethanes and Chloroethylenes". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.o06_o01.
  4. http://www.axiall.com/Products/Chlorovinyls/Chlorinated-Solvents-and-Feedstock/

External links

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