-elect

For the 1981 "President Elect" computer game, see President Elect (video game).

A person who has been elected to a position but who has not yet been installed may be referred to as an officer-elect.[1][2] For example, a President who has been elected but not yet installed would be referred to as a President-elect.

Analogously, the term -designate (e.g. Prime Minister-designate) is used in systems without direct elections of executive politicians, such as in parliamentary systems.

History

This usage of the term -elect originated in the Catholic Church, where bishops were elected but would not take office until ordained. In addition, the winner of a papal election would be known as the pope-elect until he was confirmed and actually became pope.[3]

The term entered politics with the practice of elective monarchy. For example, the Holy Roman Emperor was elected by a college of prince-electors, but the winning candidate would not become emperor until he was crowned by the Pope. Between election and coronation, he was known as the imperator electus, or Emperor-elect.[4]

By the 19th century, the term had expanded to describe any position in which a substantial period of time elapses between election and installation. For example, it was common in the 19th century to refer to a fiancée as a bride-elect.[5][6]

Official positions in organizations

The bylaws of some clubs and other organizations may define an official position of President-Elect similar to a Vice President position.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] The members of the organization elect the President-Elect, rather than directly electing the organization's President.[15] The President-Elect may be given limited duties, similar to a Vice-President. At the end of the term, the President-Elect is promoted to the position of President, and a new President-Elect is elected. The advantage of this schema is a clear continuity of succession, as well as the opportunity to familiarize the President-Elect with the operations of the organization before becoming President. A possible drawback is that once a President-Elect has been elected, another person cannot be elected President unless the President-Elect resigns or is removed from office.[15]

The position of President-Elect is different from someone who was elected President and is called "President-elect" between the time of election and the start of the term. For example, if an election for President was held in November, but the term of office doesn't begin until January, the person who was elected President may be called "President-elect" but does not hold any power until the term begins in January. On the other hand, someone in the position of President-Elect has all the powers of that position that the bylaws provide.

Similarly, organizations may have other official positions such as Vice President-Elect, Secretary-Treasurer-Elect, Director-Elect, and Chair-Elect.[14][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Elect- Definition of Elect". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
  2. ↑ "English definition of "elect"". Cambridge Dictionaries Online. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
  3. ↑ "Pope Severinus" in the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia.
  4. ↑ "Emperor Charles V" in the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia.
  5. ↑ "elect, adj. and n.". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  6. ↑ "bride, n.". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  7. ↑ "President-Elect/President/Immediate Past President". www.asha.org. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  8. ↑ "Board Position - President Elect | Association for Childhood Education International". acei.org. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  9. ↑ "Duties of President-Elect | OFWIM – Organization of Fish and Wildlife Information Managers". www.ofwim.org. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  10. ↑ "President-Elect Competencies and Responsibilities". www.tesol.org. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  11. ↑ "President-Elect Description - American Psychiatric Nurses Association". www.apna.org. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  12. ↑ "President Elect". Texas Foreign Language Association - TFLA. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  13. ↑ "Elections | SOA". www.soa.org. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  14. 1 2 "Executive Committee - Radiation Research Society (RADRES)". www.radres.org. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  15. 1 2 Robert, Henry M.; et al. (2011). Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised (11th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Da Capo Press. p. 457. ISBN 978-0-306-82020-5.
  16. ↑ "Secretary-Elect Position Description". NCURA Region I "Supporting research together... in New England". Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  17. ↑ "ACTE Global :: Association of Corporate Travel Executives". www.acte.org. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  18. ↑ "Treasurer-elect, Treasurer or Immediate Past Treasurer Position Description". www.eatrightpro.org. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  19. ↑ "Elections • National Art Education Association". www.arteducators.org. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  20. ↑ "Director Elect- ISA". www.isa.org. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  21. ↑ "State Director-Elect | Wisconsin State Council SHRM". www.wishrm.org. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  22. ↑ "Vice-Chair / Chair-Elect". www.aallnet.org. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  23. ↑ "Duties of the Chair/Chair-Elect of the Faculty". ncsu.edu. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
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